发布时间 : 星期五 文章京剧中英文介绍 - 图文更新完毕开始阅读a5c9fe280066f5335a81211d
(960-1279), the Zhuangdan role appeared. Southern Drama and Northern Zaju, which developed during the Song and Yuan Dynasties (960-1368), also had Dan roles. After Kunqu matured, it had Zhengdan, Xiaodan, Tidan and Laodan. Later, more Dan types were developed. Nowadays, the Dan roles are subdivided into
Zhengdan (or Qingyi), Huadan, Wudan, Laodan and Caidan, in accordance with age, characteristics and social positions of the roles.
Zhengdan role was the main Dan role in the Northern Zaju. Zhengdan refers to young or middle-aged women with gentle and refined dispositions. Most of Zhengdan 's lines are
delivered in song, and even the spoken parts are recited in rhythmic style. Always dressed in a blue gown, Zhengdan is also called Qingyi (blue clothes).
Huadan is a role for a vivacious maiden, a young woman with a frank and open personality, or a woman of questionable character.
Wudan refers to female characters skilled in the martial arts and can be subdivided into Daomadan and Wudan, according to the social positions and skills represented. Daomadan is good at using pikes and spears, and at riding horses. Wudan always wears short robes and the role emphasizes acrobatics. Wudan plays gods and ghosts and has excellent fighting skills.
Laodan usually represents aged women. He/She sings in their natural voices, in a style
similar to that of Laosheng but in milder tones. In some types of opera, Laodan is called Fudan or Bodan.
Caidan, also called Choudan, represents clownish and cunning females. The performance of this part calls for exuberance. 净行
在京剧中，\净\角是舞台上具有独特风格的人物类型，脸部化妆最为丰富彩。\净\因面部化妆要用各种色彩和图案勾勒脸谱，所以又俗称\大花脸\。一般扮演品貌或者性格有特点的男子，在京剧中多为将军、神化人物或有一定
社会地位的人，虽有文武善恶之分，但在性格气质上都近乎粗犷、奇伟、豪迈，因而在演唱上要求用真声演唱，音色宽阔洪亮、粗壮浑厚，动作造型也要求粗线条，气度恢宏，以突出扮演人物的性格和声势。
Role of Jing
The roles on the Chinese opera stage fall into four categories: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. These roles have the natural features of age and sex, as well as social status, and are
artificially exaggerated by makeup, costume and gestures.
Jing refers to painted-face roles, known
popularly as Hualian. The different colors and designs on the faces represent males with different characteristics. Some are bold and vigorous and some are sinister, ruthless, crude and rash. The voice is loud and clear, and the movements are exaggerated.
The Jing role originates from the Fujing role of the Song Zaju. The Jing roles gradually
increased in number, and became further divided into several groups, according to the different social positions and characters of the roles. Dahualian with a fully painted face is known as Zheng Jing. The roles represent men of high social standing and good behavior, often court ministers. Zheng Jing sings in vigorous and sturdy tones.
Erhualian, also known as Fu Jing, has powerful bodily movements and sturdy singing voices. Some roles in this group represent rascally
ministers, recognizable by their white faces. Wu'er Hualian is also known as Wu Jing. This role is more physical than most of the others, with little singing or reciting.
You Hualian, also known as Mao Jing, is a clownish role. Some of You Hualian roles have special skills, such as spouting fire from the mouth or baring the teeth. 丑行
京剧中的\丑\角演员又称为\小花脸\。\丑\行的化妆虽与大花脸有点相象，可是他的表演风格却完全不同，有点像夸张的漫画。丑角的出场常会带来满堂的笑声。 \丑\分\文丑\和\武丑\两类。武丑扮演的经常是一些机警风趣、武艺高超的人物，象绿林好汉、侠盗小偷等等。\文丑\经常扮演花花公子、狱卒、酒保、更夫、老兵等。不管文丑或武丑，虽有文武善恶、身份高低之分，在剧中都是幽默、滑稽的喜剧人物，也并不都是反派。
京剧的行当是经过长期的提炼和规范，突出人物的内在特征，把人物的内在特征加以外化而形成的，是京剧与其他戏剧形式不同的重要特征。
Role of Chou in Peking Opera
The roles on the Chinese opera stage fall into four categories: Sheng Dan, Jing and Chou. These roles have the natural features of age and sex, as well as social status, and are artificially exaggerated by makeup, costume and gestures. The Chou is one of the main roles in Peking Opera. The eyes and nose are surrounded by a white patch, so Chou is also known as Xiao Hua Lian (partly painted face).
The Chou roles originated in Southern Drama of the Song and Yuan dynasties (960-1368) and appear in various kinds of operas. They portray various kinds of characters, some are
warm-hearted, simple and sincere, and some are sinister and mean.
In modern operas, the performance of Chou roles has developed rapidly, and different operas have their own styles. In general, the Chou roles do not focus on singing, but the dialogue is clear and fluent. According to the social positions, characters and skills demanded, the Chou roles are divided into two categories: Wenchou
(civilian) and Wuchou (martial). Both have their own special features.
Wuchou is also known as Kai Kou Tiao. It
requires not only a good command of the martial arts or acrobatics, but also the ability to
deliver the lines both clearly and fluently. The movements should be light and powerful