发布时间 : 星期六 文章2013年中考英语被动语态更新完毕开始阅读a819ff5cad02de80d4d8405a
被动语态
复习目标 复习重点:
1、掌握语态基本概念； 1. 四种时态的被动语态；
2、熟悉常见语态转换； 2. 带情态动词的被动语态。 复习难点:
1.被动语态中be形式的确定；
2.主动语态中省略to的宾补在被动语态中须补上to.
英语的谓语动词有两种语态
He broke the window. （主动语态） ① ② ③
The window was broken by him. （被动语态） ③ ② ① 对比可以看出，主动语态变被动语态的方法是： (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)
(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
一、将下列句子改成被动语态
1. People speak English in many countries.
_______________________________________________________ 2. We built this bridge last year.
________________________________________________________ 3. The tiger in the zoo frightened the little girl.
________________________________________________________
4. You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. ____________________________________________________________ 5. Women often talk about food and clothes.
_________________________________________________________
被动语态基本构成：be+过去分词
时态 一般现在时态的被动语态 一般过去时态的被动语态 一般将来时态的被动语态 现在完成时态的被动语态 含情态动词的被动语态 结构
( )1、The classroom_____everyday.
A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is cleaned D. has cleaned
( )2、John ___ because of going swimming without permission (允许）yesterday.
A.would punished B. had punished C. punished D. was punished ( )3、I ______ to a big meal tomorrow.
A. invites B. will invite C. will be invited D. would invite ( ) 4、With the help of the Hope Project, more and more new schools _____ in the poor area.
A. built B. have built C. have been built D. have been building ( )5、Today information _______online.
A. can receive B. receive C. received D. can be received
何时用被动语态
a)不知道或没必要知道动作的执行者。
房子每天都有人打扫。 翻译：_________________________________ b) 要表达“被??”、“受?..”、“遭?.”之类的语义。
教师很受尊敬。翻译： ___________________________________ c)突出动作的承受者。
他远近闻名。He is known far and wide.
不用被动语态的情况
1）不及物动词不用被动语态；注意happen, ,take place
The story was happened in 1934. ( × ） ____________________________________ 2）连系动词不用被动;(smell, taste, sound, feel, look)
The story is sounded true. ( × ） _____________________________________ 3）有些短语不用被动语态
do one’s best, make a face, make room for (腾位子）， make up one’s mind, belong to
特殊情况 （考试重点 ）
一、感官动词和使役动词的被动语态
I saw him play basketball last Sunday.
____________________________________________________
即 hear , make , see , watch , feel, listen to, look at, notice ，have(使，让）这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.
二、 在某些“不及物动词+介词/副词”(相当于及物物动词)的句子中，变被动语态时，注意不要丢掉介词/副词。eg.
People often talk about that film. 改为被动语态：_____________________________________ 三、双宾语的被动语态
He gave me a book.
－_______________________________________. （以人I做主语） －_______________________________________. （以物book作主语） 以“人”当主语时，变法和一般的变法一样；
以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加to（有时可以省去）或for. 常见的接双宾语的动词有:
to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand?? for: make, buy, cook, get??
专项练习
一、请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。
1.The farmer made the horses work the whole day.
The horses_______ _______ _______ ________ the whole day. 2.Mum asks the twins not to swim in the lake.
The twins _____ ______ ______ _____ ______ in the lake. 3.I saw a mouse run into the room.
A mouse ______ _______ ______ _____ into the room. 4.I saw Lucy playing in the park just now.
Lucy _____ ______ _________ in the park just now.
二．完成下列句子：
1. 昨天的会上问了很多问题。(2010年真题）
Many questions at yesterday’s meeting. 2.学生们每周都清洁教室的窗户。（2011年真题）
The classroom windows ______ ______ by the students every week. 3.上周，怀特先生被邀请做了一个语言学习的讲座。（2012年真题）
Last week，Mr White____________ ________________to give a speech on language learning．
4.这两棵小树必须每周浇一次水。
These two ________ trees must ________ ________ ________ a week. 5.这个国家的四分之三由森林覆盖。
Three fourths of the country ________ ________ by forests.
三．单项选择
( )1.—Have you finished your fashion design?
—Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ ten more minutes.
A. am given B. give C. will give D. will be given ( )2.The news _______ to the public yet. Only a few people know.
A. hasn’t told B. has been told C. hasn’t been told ( )3.The worker is made ______ six and a half days a week. A. work B. working C. to work
( )4.These days students in some schools ______ not to use mobile phones. A. ask B. asked C. are asked D. were asked
( )5.Mary didn’t go to John’s birthday party because she ________. A. wasn’t invited B. didn’t invite C. isn’t invited ( )6.Food safety is important. Rules ______ to stop people from food pollution. A. must make B. must be made C. can’t make D. can’t be made ( )7.There was a big earthquake in Yaan, but luckily many people _________. A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were saved ( )8.We're very glad to know that a great sports meeting _______ in Guangzhou this
September.
A. will hold B. will be held C. will be hold
( )9. Don't worry. Your package here until you come back, so enjoy
shopping here.
A. will keep B. has kept C. will be kept D. has been kept ( )10.It will be two days before the decision_________.
A. has made B. will be made C. was made D. is made.