发布时间 : 星期六 文章基于PLC的自动扶梯控制系统设计（本科毕业优秀论文） - 图文更新完毕开始阅读a8bdbffcfab069dc502201dc
基于PLC的自动扶梯控制系统设计
摘要
自动扶梯是现代商场、超市不可缺少的运输工具，用于倾斜输送乘客、货物。传统的自动扶梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用 PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题。
本文通过讨论自动扶梯控制系统的组成，阐述可编程控制器（PLC）在电梯控制中的应用，采用西门子PLC编程的程序控制方式，提出了自动扶梯的PLC控制系统总体设计方案、设计过程及最后的仿真结果，列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图，并给出了系统组成框图和程序流程图。在分析、处理故障信号逻辑关系的基础上，提出了PLC的编程方法，设计了一套完整的自动扶梯控制系统方案。并进行了程序的调试，最终使用MCGS软件将整个控制界面用动画的方式展示了出来。
关键词：自动扶梯 PLC 梯形图 MCGS 控制系统
I
Control system design based on PLC of escalator
Abstract
As
an indispensable transportation tool for modern stores supermarkets,
Escalator is used for carrying passengers, goods, the traditional escalator control system mainly adopts relays-contact device control, its shortcoming is contacts, high failure rate, poor reliability, maintenance workload big, etc, and use of PLC control system can well solve the problems.
This paper discussed the composition of the escalator control system, expounded the programmable controller (PLC) in the elevator control application, adopted the mode of programming which is used Siemens PLC program control , put forward the escalator PLC control system overall design scheme, design process and the final simulation results, list the major hardware circuit, the elevator control ladder diagram, and gave the system composition diagram and program flow chart. put forward PLC programming method based on the analysis and deal with the re fault signal , designed a set of complete escalator control system scheme. And the adjustment of the program, and eventually used MCGS show the entire control interface out by animation.
Key words: Escalator PLC ladder diagram MCGS control system
II
目录
摘要................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 第一章 引言.................................................................................................................. 1
1.1自动扶梯的发展和研究现状.......................................................................... 1
1.1.1自动扶梯的发展历史........................................................................... 1 1.1.2国内自动扶梯的实例介绍................................................................... 2 1.2自动扶梯的概述.............................................................................................. 3
1.2.1 自动扶梯的定义.................................................................................. 3 1.2.2 自动扶梯的基本结构.......................................................................... 3 1.2.3 自动扶梯的分类.................................................................................. 5 1.2.4 自动扶梯的主要参数.......................................................................... 5
第二章 S7—200系列PLC的概述 ............................................................................. 6
2.1 PLC的定义 ..................................................................................................... 6 2.2 PLC的基本组成 ............................................................................................. 6 2.3 可编程控制器的特点、分类和技术指标..................................................... 8
2.3.1可编程控制器的特点........................................................................... 8 2.3.2可编程控制器的分类......................................................................... 10 2.3.3 可编程控制器的技术指标................................................................ 11 2.4 PLC的工作原理 ........................................................................................... 12
2.4.1PLC的工作模式 ................................................................................. 13 2.4.2 PLC工作过程 .................................................................................... 13
第三章 系统实现的总体方案.................................................................................... 16
3.1 系统实现的主要功能................................................................................... 16
3.1.1 扶梯的运行与停止功能.................................................................. 16 3.1.2 扶梯的故障处理功能...................................................................... 17 3.1.3 扶梯的自动润滑功能...................................................................... 17 3.2可编程控制器与其他控制器的比较............................................................ 17
3.2.1可编程控制器与继电接触器控制系统的比较................................. 17
3.2.2可编程控制器与微机控制系统的比较............................................. 18 3.2.3可编程控制器与单片机控制的比较................................................. 19
第四章 系统硬件设计................................................................................................ 20
4.1输入/输出点的分配 ...................................................................................... 20 4.2主要硬件选型................................................................................................ 22
4.2.1三相异步电机选型............................................................................. 23 4.2.2PLC选型 ............................................................................................. 23
第五章 PLC控制程序设计 ....................................................................................... 24
5.1 STEP7软件 ................................................................................................... 24
5.1.1 STEP7软件概述 ................................................................................ 24 5.1.2 STEP7 软件基本功能 ....................................................................... 24 5.1.3界面及主要部分功能......................................................................... 25 5.2 控制程序开发............................................................................................... 26
5.3.1星三角形切换电路............................................................................. 26 5.3.2 自动扶梯的上下行切换.................................................................... 28 5.3.3自动扶梯检修点动运行..................................................................... 29 5.3.4自动润滑系统控制............................................................................. 30 5.3.5故障显示模块..................................................................................... 30
表5-1 安全开关的故障显示码 ................................................................................. 31 第六章基于MCGS的监控组态设计 ........................................................................ 32
6.1 MCGS简介 ................................................................................................ 32 6.2 自动扶梯的监控系统设计......................................................................... 32
6.2.1 制作监控界面.................................................................................... 32 6.2.2 动画连接............................................................................................ 33
第七章总结.................................................................................................................. 37