发布时间 : 星期四 文章新视野大学英语第三版读写教程1课后翻译（最全版）更新完毕开始阅读a8cb15d7d838376baf1ffc4ffe4733687e21fc96
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Unit 1
苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人
们主要通过后期的一些古典作家的叙述， 尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。 苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回 答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论 和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方 哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名 远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他 的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。
Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the
fundamentals of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato. Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and
lasting contributions to the field of epistemology and logic, and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed.
Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect.
孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派（ Confucianism ）的创始人，被
尊称为古代的圣人（ sage）。他的言论和生平活动记录在《论语》 （ The Analects ）一书 中。《论语》是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了 很大影响。不研究《论语》 ，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想， 尤其是其教育思想， 对中国社会产生了深远的影响。
在 21 世纪的今天， 孔子的学说不仅
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受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。
Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder
of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient sage. His words
and life story were recorded in Chinese culture, The Analects
The Analects . An enduring classic of ancient
writers,
has had a great influence on the thinkers,
and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years' traditional Chinese culture.
Much of Confucius' thought, especially
on Chinese society.
his thought on education,
Confucian
has had a profound influence In the 21st century,
thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community. Unit 2
圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在
12 月 25 日庆祝这一 3 3 6 年。渐渐地，这
节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元
一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如
今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也
各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教
堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小
孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每
户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督
徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。
Christmas is a widely observed cultural holiday, celebrated on December 25 by
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millions of people around the world. It commemorates ( 纪念 ) the birth of Jesus
Christ. The festival dated from as early as 336 AD. Gradually it evolved into a religious as well as secular ( increasing
非宗教的 ) celebration, celebrated by an
Today Christmas is
number of non-Christians. observed as an important
festival and public holiday around the world. Christmas customs differ in
different
countries. Popular
modern customs of the holiday Christmas singing,
include an the
exchange of Christmas cards and gifts, church attendance,
display of various Christmas decorations and trees, family gatherings, and a special meal preparation. To small surprise. Legend (
children, the festival
is full of fantasy and
传说 ) has it that Santa Claus will enter each house through
the chimney and bring gifts to well-behaved children on Christmas Eve. Because gift-giving and many other aspects of the Christmas festival heighten economic activity among both Christians and non-Christians, the holiday has also become a significant event and a key sales period for businesses.
每 年 农 历（ Chinese lunar calendar
）八 月 十 五 是我 国 的 传 统 节 日
）。这时是一年秋季的中期， 所以被称为中秋。
—— 中 秋 节（the Mid-Autumn Festival
中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也
是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋
节的习俗很多， 都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。
自 2008 年起，中秋节成为中国
的法定节假日。
According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional
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Chinese festival so it is
— the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn,
activities
called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival
is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating
moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from homewill express their feelings at this
festival.
of missing their
hometowns and families
all expressing
There are many customs to celebrate the festival,
people's love and hope for a happy life. become an official national holiday in China.
Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has
Unit 3
伦敦地铁是英国的一个快速交通运输系统，服务于大伦敦的大部分地区。地铁系统因其 地铁隧道的典型形状也被称为地下管道。伦敦地铁始建于
19 世纪中期，是世界上最早
的地下铁路系统。它的第一段地铁于
1863 年开始运营。自此，伦敦地铁不断延伸，发
250 英里的地铁杰作，其中有
展成为一个包括 12 条线路、 275 个车站、铁轨总长超过
45％在地下运行。就路线长度而言，它是世界上第四大地铁系统，也是车站数量最多的
地铁系统之一。作为一个走遍伦敦的经济便捷的途径，伦敦地铁一向是每天数百万通勤
者以及在节假日游历伦敦的游客的首选。
伦敦地铁已成为伦敦的一个国际标志。
2013 年
伦敦举办了各种各样的活动，庆祝地铁运营
150 周年，纪念这一里程碑。
The London Underground is a rapid transit ( 交通运输系统 ) system in the United
also Kingdom, serving a large part of Greater London. The underground system is known as the Tube, due to the characteristic shape of the subway tunnels. It
all
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