发布时间 : 星期六 文章河北省石家庄市第二中学、唐山市第一中学等“五个一名校联盟”2019-2020学年高一上学期联考英语试题 Word更新完毕开始阅读ad93554d690203d8ce2f0066f5335a8103d26668
D. Female graduates are all putting more social influence in first place than male graduates. 11. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Female Students Are Concerned about Society B. Young People’s Happiness Doesn’t Depend on Money C. Graduates Become More Interested in Challenging Jobs D. Many Graduates Would Take a Pay Cut to Make a Difference 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述的是通过工作能有一个积极的社会影响对年轻人的幸福至关重要。 【8题详解】
词义猜测题。结合文章第三段第一句：Besides this, the survey found that female students are far more likely to put social influence in first place than their male classmates，（除此之外，调查发现女生比男生更有可能把社会影响放在第一位,）和后一句the results of a former study showing that female maths and science majors are more likely to say they go into those fields to make a difference.（以前的一项研究结果显示，女性数学和科学专业的学生更有可能说她们进入这些领域是为了有所作为）可以推断出两项调查的结果是一致的。都说明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影响。选项A：学习；选项B：重复；选项C：相信；选项D：创造，选项B和echoing在文章的意义相近。故：选择B项。 【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句：One reason for the emphasis (强调) on improving the world probably has to do with the culture of colleges, which encourages students to connect their studies back to real-world problems.（强调改善世界的一个原因可能与大学文化有关，大学文化鼓励学生将他们的学习与现实世界的问题联系起来。）可以看出，选项C：The encouragement of the culture of colleges.（大学文化的鼓励。）符合文章的意义。故：选择C项。 【10题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章第二段第一句：The survey found that 72 percent of graduating college seniors believe being able to have a positive social influence through their work is essential to their happiness.（调查发现，72% 的大学毕业生认为通过工作产生积极的社会影响对他们的幸福
至关重要。）可以得出结论：多数的毕业生都认可工作产生的社会影响对他们而言是重要的。选项C和结论一致。故：选择C项。 【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本题属于选择最佳标题的主旨大意题。文章通过第一段的调查结论得出：对年轻人的幸福，通过工作改变世界是至关重要的。所以，文章主要阐述年轻人的幸福取决于在工作中改变世界（make a difference）,结合文章，第二段第二句：Making a difference is so important to them that 45 percent say they would take a 15-percent pay cut to work at an organization that has a social or environmental influence, and 58 percent say they would take a pay cut to work for an organization whose values are the same as their own.（对他们来说，做出改变是如此重要，以至于45% 的人说他们愿意接受15% 的减薪去一个对社会或环境有影响的组58% 的人说他们愿意接受减薪去一个与他们价值观相同的组织工作。织工作，）可以看出, 减薪是make a difference的重要性。综上所述，选项D：Many Graduates Would Take a Pay Cut to Make a Difference和文章的主旨是一致的。故：选择D项。
D
Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody? Such as a classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection (拒绝) should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not make the person being rejected feel any better. In fact, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is surprising. Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.
Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. In one example, the researchers asked people for their reaction (反应）after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.
Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like they need to say that the rejection was okay— even when they felt like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of disappointment, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that
an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better—even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.
Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very different. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies may be different.” 12. Why do people say they are sorry when they express rejection? A. Because they think it is more polite.
B. Because they think it helps them express their dislike better. C. Because they think apologies are the basis of communication. D. Because they think it sounds more comfortable for the listener. 13. In Gili Freedman’s research, over 1,000 people ________. A. rejected others without an apology B. offered an apology when rejecting others C. would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology D. were asked to answer the question in different situations 14. What role does an apology play in rejection? A It makes the rejection more acceptable. B. It makes a good impression on the listener. C. It makes the communication more pleasant. D. It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better.
15. What will be mentioned next according to the last paragraph? A. The effect of an apology during a rejection. B. Gili Freedman’s research on business situations. C. A rejection with an apology in a business situation.
D. The difference between a social situation and a business one. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章在开头通过问题：你有没有遇到过必须对某人说不?比如有个同学约你一起吃饭？引出研究结论：新的研究表明，至少在社交方面，拒绝的时候不用夹带一句道歉。换句话说，说句对不起并不能让被拒绝的人感觉更好受点。事实上这可能会使被拒绝
者感觉更糟。 【12题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章第一段最后一句：Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.（很多人认为在拒绝某个请求时表示抱歉是有礼貌。）故：选择A项。 13题详解】
细节理解题。结合第二段第二句：For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. （在她的研究中，她询问了1000多人，来回应不同的社会排斥的例子。）可知，选项D和文章意思一致。第二段第五句：in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology.（在一些情况下，拒绝泰勒的人说对不起）可知B项是错误；第二段第六句：In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were sorry.（在People were 其他情况下，拒绝的人并没有说对不起。）可知，选项A错误。第二段最后两句：asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.（人们被问到，如果他们像泰勒一样被拒绝，他们会有什么感觉？大多数表示，与拒绝不道歉相比，他们会被拒绝加道歉伤得更深。）可知，选项C错误。故：选择D项。 【14题详解】
【【15题详解】
细节理解题。结合文章倒数第二段的最后一句：Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better—even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.（弗雷曼还表示，道歉通常让拒绝者感觉更好过，即使这会让被拒绝者感觉更糟。）可知，选项D：这会让拒绝的人感觉更好。和文章的意义一致。故：选择D项。
推理判断题。结合最后一段的表达：Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very different. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies may be different.”（她的研究只涉及社交互动。商务场合可能会有很大不同。弗雷曼表示，如果一位经理拒绝一位求职者，或是一位老板必须要开除一名员工，对道歉的反应可能会有所不同。）可以推断出，在接下来的表达中将会涉及商务场合。故：选择C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）