发布时间 : 星期日 文章（暨南大学）研究生英语精读1-7课练习参考答案和译文更新完毕开始阅读b1ed7231580216fc700afd7d
unique culture. But David Price argues that social scientists thinking in an agency-like way would not be as helpful as civilian anthropologists.
7. First, it’s difficult to build a military education system to train experts in the social sciences.
Second, it takes longer to train them when compared to training general officers. 8. The Administration did not take the experts’ advice very seriously.
UNIT SIX ENTROPY
COMPREHENSION
1. It is a precise measure of the amount of disorder.
2. Things around her -- The car, the refrigerator, teeth, windows, baby sitter, hair, the house, her glasses, and her son’s shoes – all seemed to get out of order.
3. Entropy can only increase, and can not be destroyed. The road to disorder is a one-way street. 4. Examples in para.4
5. Water at the same level can not work no more, because the energy has defused and driven away into chaotic caldron of randomness that can do us no possible good. ( students can also quote refrigerator as an example)
6. If couples do not patch small things up, they are doomed to fall apart; relationships may worsen between nations once they lose opportunities to work out solutions to conflicts.
7. False. It is possible but not easy since creating order in one corner of the universe always creates more disorders somewhere else.
8. The answer is open. (students are supposed to indicate the price of combating entropy.)
9. Like anything else, abilities deteriorate when we stop applying our energies to them.
10. Our world is becoming more complex; our efforts to keep it in order would be much harder. Entropy is avoidable but which means consistent efforts. But not many people would consistently contribute their efforts.
VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A
1 get the better of 2 instinctively 3 chaotic 4 avalanche 5 random
6 combat 7 uneven 8 mechanics 9 collision 10 out of control B
1. got the better of 2. Randomly 3. back on track 4. Preoccupied 5. Defuse 6. catch 7. Congregated 8. Futility 9. coincidence 10. well-oiled C
1 waste treatment, waste disposal, waste management, waste classification, waste gas/water
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2 turn down, put down, crack down, beat down, knelt down 3 give up, get up, back up, make up, stir up, put up
4 down payment, downtown, downturn, downtime, down tank 5 untangle, undress, unlock, unloose, untie, unpick, undo
6 irresponsibility, irrationality, irreducibility, irreligion, irregularity D
1 racking 2 rising 3 √ 4 which 5 an 6 to wake up 7 resource-constrained 8 √ 9 flattening 10 on 11 √ 12 for 13 changing 14 trends 15 strengthening 16 between
TRANSLATION A 1他父亲在意大利北部近海的比萨做小生意。 2 谈判时，我会感到紧张。
3 由于受季风影响，夏威夷一年四季如春。夏天到冬天昼夜温差很小。 4 八月中旬,修理组人员在骄阳下工作。 5 他发现自己在竭力抑制损伤灵魂的苦涩。
6 我把椅子挪过去坐下，开始两脚分开，但我突然觉得这样显得不尊重，太不拘礼节，便把两膝并拢，把双手随便地放在膝盖上。 B 1 2 3 4 5
TEXT B
1. It was either the influence of heavenly bodies or God’s punishment to human beings for their wicked deeds.
2. Quantities of filth were removed from the city; sick persons were prohibited to get into the city; directives concerning the maintenance of good health were issued; The pious supplicated to God many times through public processions or by other means.
But all are in vain.
3. First some swellings could be found either in the groin or under the armpits, some of which grew to the size of an ordinary apple and others to the size of an egg. And then, in very little time swelling spread indiscriminately over every part of the body; after that, the symptoms changed. Black or livid spots appeared on the arms and thighs, then spreading to every part of the body, which was the very definite indication of impending death.
4. Doctors were ignorant, especially those who had never got any medical training,
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5. Very easily, just like dry or oily things being set aflame by a nearby fire. (quote examples in para.2)
6. Some thought that living moderately and avoiding any excess might be helpful is resisting this disease; others believed that satisfying in every way the appetites as best one could was the best medicine for a disease; many others satisfied their appetites to a moderate degree; others fled from the city. 7. Bible and government’s laws.
8. False. Many of those who thought this way were falling sick everywhere.
UNIT 7 A FEW WORDS FOR LOSING
COMPREHENSION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
VOCABULARY AND STRUCTURE A
1 lucrative 2 mortal 3 instill 4 wind up 5 prowess 6 cowardly 7 cultivated 8 identified with 9 surmount 10 intact B
1 inglorious 2 fraught 3 cultivated 4 groomed 5 outset 6 lucrative 7 tournament 8 intact 9 hang around 10 lapse into C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 D
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1 All too often, work seems like to take over a disproportionate part of 2 our lives, with the result that we are not able to see our friends or 3 families as often as we would like and we have little time for 4 relaxation. Although one of the consequences of poor time 5 management for many of us is that it tips over our lives out of 6 balance so that we don’t pay enough attention to the things that 7 are really important to achieve them. But the paradox is that when 8 work dominates on the horizon to such an overwhelming extent, we 9 are probably being neither as efficient nor as effective at work as we 10 could be with a better organized lifestyle. If we constantly feel under 11 the pressure and are always rushing to meet deadlines, we should 12 take up a look at the way we are organizing our work. We all have 13 limits on the amount of time and within which we can do a good 14 job; it’s more important to make use that time well than to work 15 more hours. There are various techniques, such as delegating to 16 each others and reducing interruptions, that are commonly used 17 for managing time, and when we put these into practice, we will 18 soon notice the difference.
TRANSLATION A
1人类最后必将解开不明飞行物之谜。这一点是可以肯定的。 2 那地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家最容易看得出来的。
3 光射入了它能透过的几乎所有地方，赶走了黑暗，驱散了阴影。
4 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。 5 他们人数增加了，力量也随之增强。
6一天，匹普外出在阴冷的荒原上游荡时，一个魁梧、凶狠的男子把他吓了一跳。这个男子威胁他，让他立即为他送些食物来。
7 还不等我决定是谈还是不谈，我就看出来了，说也罢，沉默也罢，我的任何行动都不过是徒劳。
8 俄国最大的进攻开始于6月22日，这是为了配合英美军队在西线的进攻。 B 1 2 3 4 5
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