发布时间 : 星期四 文章中考英语 词汇与语法—时态素材更新完毕开始阅读b37cf417f18583d049645954
中考英语词汇与语法满分快车道书稿第九章 时态
英语的动词在表示不同时间里发生的行为或存在的状态时，要用不同的形式来表示，这种不同的形式叫做动词的时态。
英语常用的时态有八种，分别是：一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时。
第一节 知识点概述
一、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作（习惯性的动作）或存在的状态，句中常用always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every day等时间状语。
例如：
1） He goes to school at seven o’clock everyday. 2） The sun rises in the east.
二、一般过去时
一般过去时主要用于表示过去时间，句中常有yesterday, ago, in 1989, once, last week (month, year), at that time, just now 等时间状语。
例如：
1） he was born in 1989.
2） I used to play football when I was young.
三、一般将来时
英语动词表示将来时间有多种形式，其共同特点是句中常有表示见来时间的状语，如：tomorrow, next week, in a week
例如：
1） We will visit the science museum next week. 2） We are going to discuss the problem tomorrow.
四、现在进行时
进行时表示现在时刻正在进行的动作或表示现阶段正在做的事情，句中常用now, at this moment等时间状语连用。
例如：
1） The boy is playing video games.
2） His father is writing a novel these days.
五、现在完成时
现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，或还要延续下去，
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句中常用：since, for, yet, already表示的一段时间状语连用。
例如：
1） Great changes have taken place in China since 1980. 2） I have finished my task.
六、过去进行时
过去进行时表示在过去某个时候正在进行的动作或过去某个阶段正在做的事情。 例如：
1） He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday. 2） When I came in, they were having supper. 七、过去完成时
表示在过去某个时刻前已经发生的动作，或者从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作和状态。
例如：
1） By the end of last year, we had learned more than 2,000 English words 2） My teacher had taught in that school for ten years before she came here.
八、过去将来时
过去将来时表示从过去的观点来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句当中，主句中的谓语动词一般是过去时。
例如：
1） He said that he would study harder than before. 2） He didn’t tell me when he would go.
第二节 实战演练
一、例题选讲
例1 Look, she (have) a bunch of flowers in her hand.
答案： has
提示： 尽管句中有look，但在英语中表示“有”，不能用进行时态，本句意思指
“她手中有一束花”。
例2 John (make) much progress in his lessons since last term. He
(study) harder later on.
答案： has made, will/is going to study
提示： 第一句中，since last term暗示了谓语动词要用现在完成时态。说明从
上学期以来取得了很大进步，第二句中的later on要注意用一般将来时。
例3 Cherry arrived at school after the class (begin) yesterday.
答案： had begun
提示： begin虽然也能作及物动词，但在表示某事开始时，一般以不及物动词出现，不用被动结构。
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例4 If it (not rain) tomorrow, we (go) to the park.
答案： doesn’t rain, will go
提示： 这是条件状语从句，主句是将来时，其时间或条件状语从句应用一般现在
时。
例5 Great changes (take) place in Shanghai in the past ten years.
答案： have taken place
提示： In the past ten years会造成过去时间感觉，但其意思是近十年中，与
现在有关，要用现在完成时
例6 It is said that they (hold) an English evening next week.
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）将来时除了shall/will+v.以外还有be going to+v.，表示不久即将发生的事，be doing（用于某些动词，如leave, come, start, reach等）；be+to+v.，可带时间状语，表示“必须”； “打算”，be about+to+v.，表示“即将”。例如：
1） Hurry up! The bus is starting.
2） We are leaving for Nanjing tomorrow. （2）有些表示状态、感情、感觉的动词没有进行时。例如：be, like, want, love, hear, wash, hope
（3）现在完成时与一般过去时都表示动作发生于过去，但现在完成时强调结果，一般过去时强调时间。例如：
1） Have you been to the Great Wall?
2） How long did you stay in Beijing last year?
I 选择题
1.He said the bus ______ soon.
A were started B started C was starting D will start 2.We were watching the TV play_____.
A yesterday B at three yesterday C soon D since two days ago. 3. It was four in the afternoon. Jack ______ with his classmates.
A talked B would talk C are talking D was talking 4. Yesterday I _____ an hour late and I _____ to work until 10:00.
A was?got B had been ?would get C was?wouldn’t get D was?didn’t get 5.My schoolboy _____ on the chair at that time.
A was lying B lay C lain D lies 6. The old man _______ his keys.
A was always mislaying B always mislaid C has always mislaid D will always mislay
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答案： will hold
提示： 主句It is said是现在时时态，从句要用将来时，不能用过去将来时。
7. The story book _______ first published in 1980.
A. were B. was C. had been D. has been 8. When I saw Mary, she _____ the piano
A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D.played 9. It rained yesterday after it _____ dry for many month.
A. was B. has been C. had been D. is 10. My uncle _____ to see me , he will be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming C. came D. had come 11. Look at the clouds. _____ .
A. It will rain. B. It’s going to rain. C. It will be raining D. It is to rain.
12. She wanted to know what you _____ last Friday.
A.do B. did C. have done D.was doing 13. I was sure that she _____ a good teacher.
A. will be B. would be C. is D.were
14. The last time _____ to the cinema was last week.
A. I have gone B. I have been C. I was D. I went 15. You cannot leave until you _____ your work.
A. did B. are doing C.have done D. had done
II 用适当的动词形式填空。
1. She kept the radio when she ______(do) homework. 2. –She was reading newspapers.
--What __you ___(do) ?
3 Lao Wang told the policeman that he _____(listen) to the radio at that time. 4. I ______(use)to be a teacher but now ______(be) a manager.
5 While I ______(run)along. A dog suddenly ______(run) across the road. 6 Last night my father _____(read) a book while my mother ______(sew). 7 What _____you _____ (do) the whole Sunday? I ______(go)over my lessons. 8 When I _____ (get)home, the telephone bell _____(ring)
9 It was Sunday and we _________ (sit) at the table when father suddenly
_________(smile)
And ___________(say) to us, “ Oh, dear me, I forgot __________(tell) you the good news. There is a letter from Granny. She ___________(come) to see us this afternoon. I ________(meet)
Her at the station, “ with these words he went out.
How happy we _________(be)! We ___________(not see ) Granny for half a year and ____________(miss) her very much. After lunch my mother and I ___________(go) shopping. We ___________(buy) a lot of food that Granny liked. My sister __________(clean) the house. It
___________(be) four o’clock when we ____________(finish) and we ___________(sit) around
the table, ____________(wait) for Granny. At last the door __________(open) and in came my father, alone. “Where _________(be) Granny? “ We ___________(ask). Father
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_________(laugh)
st
and ___________(say), “ April Fools !” “ Today ___________(be) April 1. April Fool’s Day.” 答案 I、 1.C 11.B 2.B 12.B 3.D 13.B 4.D 14.D 5.A 15.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C II、
1. was doing 2. were doing 3. was listening 4. used , am 5. was running, ran 6. was reading , was sewing 7. were doing,
was going 8. got, was ringing 9. were sitting , smile , said, to tell, is coming, am going to meet, were , hadn’t seen , missed, went, bought, cleaned, was, finished, sat, waiting, opened, is,, asked, laughed, said, is
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