发布时间 : 星期一 文章KKK-AP风机的运行维护手册（中英文对照） - 图文更新完毕开始阅读b63e480bf7ec4afe05a1df47
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2.3.9. Blade bearings 叶片轴承
The blade bearings absorb the centrifugal and aerodynamic forces of the rotor blades and the adjustment forces.
叶片轴承承受叶片离心力和气动力以及调节力。
The blade bearing has an axial grooved ball-bearing race to absorb the centrifugal force and a (radial) grooved ball-bearing race to absorb the adjustment force. These bearings are permanently lubricated with oil and sealed with O-rings.
叶片轴承的轴向推力球轴承可承受叶片离心力，径向球轴承可承受叶片调节力，叶片轴承注油后可持久润滑，由O型密封圈密封。
The blade bearing also has self-lubricating bearing bushes to absorb aerodynamic forces. 自润滑轴套可承载气动力。 2.3.10. Shaft (1-stage) 主轴（单级）
The forged shaft carries the coupling hub and the impeller. 主轴两端分别支撑联轴器和叶轮。
2.3.11. Shaft (2-stage) 主轴（双级）
The forged shaft carries the two impellers. There is a hole in it for the adjusting rod.
主轴上承载2个叶轮，带一个组装定位芯轴的孔。
2.3.12. Servomotor (1-stage)伺服马达（单级）
The servomotor produces the power to adjust the rotor blades. It mounted on the impeller and rotates with it. Its principal components are the control head, the cylinder, the double-action adjusting piston and the adjusting disc.
伺服马达提供调节叶片的作用力。固定在叶轮上并随叶轮一起转动。主要部件为控制头，缸体，双向动作调节活塞和调节盘。 2.3.13. Servomotor (2-stage)伺服马达（双级）
The servomotor generates the force with which the rotor blades are adjusted. It is fitted to the second-stage impeller and rotates with it. Its principal components are the control head, the cylinder, the double-action adjusting piston and the adjusting disc.
伺服马达提供调节叶片的作用力。固定在第二级叶轮上并随叶轮一起转动。主要部件为控制头，缸体，双向动作调节活塞和调节盘。 2.3.14. Control head控制头
The lines which supply the servomotor with control oil are connected to the control head. The rotor-blade control is operated by an actuator outside the fan via a control rod. The non-rotating control bush on the relay valve is axially displaced. Pressurised oil impinges on one side or other of the adjusting piston. 控制头与控制油管相连，由风机外部的执行控制装置通过一推拉杆来操纵不旋转的阀套作轴向前后移动。
2.3.15. Adjusting piston油缸
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The adjusting piston operates on the slave-piston principle, executing a stroke in the same direction and
of the same magnitude as the control head. The adjustment force is transmitted to the adjusting disc by means of the guide spindle.
控制头使压力油（通过阀芯油道）分别进入油缸的后腔或前腔，油缸内油压使活塞随同控制头-实现方向和行程相同的位移（略滞后），把调节力通过导轴传递给调节盘，执行动叶片的开大与关小。
2.3.16. Adjusting disc (1-stage) 调节盘（单级）
The adjusting disc rotates with the rotor. It has a snap ring groove the sliding blocks. The sliding blocks on the blade-shaft levers engage with the snap ring groove. An axial displacement of the adjusting piston produces a swivelling movement in the rotor blades.
调节盘跟随转子转动，带开口环槽。叶片轴上的曲柄滑块和开口环槽配合。调节活塞的轴向位移使动叶片发生转动。 2.3.17. Adjusting disc (2-stage)调节盘（双级）
The adjusting disc rotates. It has a snap ring groove into which the sliding blocks fit. The sliding blocks on the blade-shaft levers engage with the snap ring groove. An axial displacement of the adjusting piston produces a swivelling movement of the rotor blades.
The adjusting discs of both impellers are linked together by an adjusting rod. The rotor blades of the first and second stages are adjusted synchronously.
调节盘跟随转子转动，带开口环槽。叶片轴上的曲柄滑块和开口环槽配合。调节活塞的轴向位移
使动叶片发生转动。两级叶轮的调节盘通过芯轴连接。一级和二级动叶片同步动作。 2.3.18. Rotor bearings (antifriction bearing) 主轴承（滚动轴承）
The bearing is centred in the fan housing core. The rotor shaft is supported by antifriction bearings. The bearing consists of a one-part bearing housing. Radial forces are absorbed by cylindrical-roller bearings, axial forces by one or two angular-contact ball bearings.
主轴承装配位于机壳芯筒内。主轴由滚动轴承支撑。主轴承装配的轴承壳为一个整体。径向力由圆柱滚子轴承承受，轴向力由一盘或两盘角接触推力球轴承承受。 2.3.19. Rotor bearings (sleeve bearing) 主轴承（滑动轴承）
The bearing is centred in the fan housing core. The rotor shaft is supported in sleeve bearings. The bearing consists of a split bearing housing. Radial forces are absorbed by bearings with a circular hole, axial forces by sliding and tilting blocks.
主轴承装配于机壳芯筒内。主轴由滑动轴承支撑。主轴承由两半分轴承体组成。径向力由轴承圆柱面承受，轴向力由轴肩承受。
Lubrication The bearings are lubricated with circulating oil by lubrication rings to ensure
that they are undamaged when an emergency stop is executed.
润滑 轴承为强制润滑，保证当紧急停运时，轴承不被损坏。
Seals The shafts passage is fitted with seals. The bearing covers are horizontally
split.
Two radially-movable, artificial-carbon shaft seals are fitted. The rings consist
of several segments held in place by a tubular spring; a locking piece prevents twisting.
Between the two oil seals is an opening linked to the atmosphere by holes and
lines. This provides the seals with the pressure equalisation they require.
The shaft is fitted with bushes in the area of the seals. Laminar rings engage
with rotating grooves. The rings are held by their external diameter and are
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axially movable. They provided protection from oil spray (from within) and
dirt (from without).
密封
轴孔需要合适的密封。轴承盖水平剖分。每侧轴套上装有一对可径向移动的人造石墨密封圈，该圈由三段组成，用一管状弹簧围箍，有一定位块防止转动。两密封圈之间有一个通道与大气相通，使内外压力平衡防止泄漏。轴套上环槽内装有叠层密封环，靠外径定位，隔离内部的溅油和外部的灰尘。
The fan is driven by the motor by means of a steel multi-plate coupling. The coupling is flexible to bending but stiff against torsion. The motor shaft and fan rotor each have a coupling hub. Both hubs are connected to an intermediate shaft.
联轴器为膜片联轴器。刚挠性膜片联轴器具有误差补偿、吸振且不需维护等优点，电机轴和风机转子各装配一个半联轴器，安装在中间传扭轴两端，将电动机功率传递给风机。
The oil-supply unit supplies the main bearing and servomotor with oil. See \
See also the paragraph “Lubrication”. You can see the oil circuit from the oil pipe scheme and circuit diagram.
油站提供主轴承和伺服马达用油。详见“附件”，也可参见“润滑油”章节的润滑油路图。
2.3.20. Accessories附件
Coupling
联轴器
Oil-supply unit 油站
The main bearing and the servomotor inside are air- cooled. In the flow chamber of the fan the pressure is higher than the
surrounding pressure. The internal spaces are blocked by higher pressure in
order to prevent penetration and corrosion by flue gases.
冷却密封风机（引风机和增压风机专用） 主轴承和伺服马达均为空气冷却。风机流道内的压力比环境压力高。内
部的空间被高压气体密封，可以防止烟气流入和腐蚀。
Locking brake To prevent the rotor during standstills from idling it is equipped with a locking brake which acts on the brake disc at the fan-side coupling
half.
This is a manually activated shoe brake which may only be closed when the
fan speed has dropped below 50 rpm or when the fan has stopped completely.
锁刹装置 为防止转子惰走，在风机联轴器侧装有锁刹装置。当风机转速低于
50rmp，或者完全停止后才可以关下锁刹装置。
IMPORTANT!重要 This brake is not suited to brake the fan at a speed above 50 rpm. Therefore
the speed must be checked without fail before closing the brake. The brake must be secured against inadvertent activation.
锁刹装置不能在风机转速大于50rpm时工作。所以在关下锁刹装置时，
转速需要准确无误的确认。需确认锁刹装置不要无意被启动。
The motor is interlocked by a limit switch when the brake is closed. Therefore, it must be ensured before each starting that the brake is open. 当锁刹装置锁定后，电机通过一个限位开关内锁。因此，启动时需要确定是否每个锁刹装置都已经打开了。
Cooling/ sealing- air (ID/FGD fans)
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3. Operation/运行
3.1. Technical plant requirements设备技术要求
In order to operate safely and economically the fan must be matched to suit the plant. This includes for example:
为了使系统更经济更安全的运行，风机配置必须适合于系统，这就包含了如下：
● the planning of its operating characteristics/运行参数的确定
● the arrangement of valves and by-pass lines隔绝门及管路系统的布置
● piping flow control/各管道中流量的调配
IMPORTANT重点：
Corrosion (e.g. due to cooling flue gas) can cause important components to fail. Make sure that no flue gas is allowed to remain in the fan during stoppages.
腐蚀介质（例如冷却后的烟气）会导致一些重要元件在运行中出现故障，因此，一定要保证在停机时风机中没有遗留烟气。 3.1.1. Operating range工作运行区域
Operating range is the range which allows for continuous operation of the fan without the risk of damage. 工作运行区域是在风机没有损坏危险的情况下，能持续工作运转的区域。
Axial fans of the AP series can operate in a wide range, in which their power can be matched to suit the plant requirements by means of rotor blade adjustment. Operating the fan outside of this range, especially for a longer period of time may lead to damage:
AP系列轴流风机能在一个大的区域内运行，依靠叶片调节，能满足系统工况的需求。在不允许区域内，尤其是长时间运行，会导致风机损坏。
● When the volume flowrate is too small the flow gets unstable, it ?stalls“. Operation with unstable flow results in higher loads and stress on some components, especially of the rotor blades.
当流道中流量过小时，气流会变得不稳定，这种不稳定的气流会导致某些元件的负载与压力过大，尤其是叶片。
●When the volume flowrates are very small the fan may heat up inadmissibly. 当流道中流量非常小时，风机温度会过高致风机无法承受。
The sketch below shows the operating ranges prohibited for continuous operation. For your unit the admissible operating range in the section ?operating data“ is plotted in the performance graph. 下简图显示了风机连续运行的禁止运行区域和可运行的范围区域。
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