发布时间 : 星期一 文章2011年高考英语语法-状语从更新完毕开始阅读b7d54986ec3a87c24028c4de
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
8.till, until和not…until
1)肯定句：主句谓语动词必需是延续性动词，主从句都为肯定式，意为―某动作一直延续到 某时间才停止‖
He remained there until she arrived. You may stay here until the rain stops.
2)否定句：主句谓语动词必需是非延续性动词，从句是肯定式，意为―某动作直到某时间才 开始‖。
He will not go to bed till (until) she returns. He didn't leave the office until his boss came back.
I did not realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
I didn't go to bed until 12 o 'clock last night. (until用做介词，后跟名词短语） 3)till不可以放在句首，而until可以放在句首。
Until you told me I had no idea of it.
4) not… until句型四种不同句式 （1）结构一：正常结构
The little boy didn't smile until he saw mother.
The exact time of dying was not of great importance until recently.
(2)结构二：until置于句首
Until he saw mother，the little boy didn't smile.
Until recently, the exact time of dying was not of great importance.
Until recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home. (3)结构三：倒装结构(not until置于句首主句要倒装） Not until he saw his mother, did the little boy smile.
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.
(4)结构四：强调句型
It was not until he saw his mother that the little boy smiled. It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. (强调句型)
9.by the time
（1）表示过去的动作：主句用had done + by the time +从句用一般过去时态 We had already left by the time they arrived.
（2）表示将来的动作：主句用will have done + by the time +从句用一般现在时 We will have already left by the time they arrive.
10. every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示―每当……，每次……，下次……‖。 Every /Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Next time you come, remember to bring along your sister. The day he returned, his father was already dead.
A: Hey, Dan. I hear you're meeting Susan's parents for the first time.
B: Yeah, next weekend. Fortunately her father loves to fish so we'll have something to talk about.
这里for the first time后面并没有连接句子。 二、地点状语从句
1地点状语从句通常是由where引导，用来表达主句的动作发生的场所，其结构通常是 ―where+陈述句‖，从句可以在句首或句末。 Stay where you are.
A driver should slow down where there are schools. 表示抽象条件的含义时，从句要放在句首。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竞成。 Where there is smoke, there is a fire.无风不起浪。
Where there is pain, we wish you peace and mercy.当你感到痛苦时，祝福你能保持内心的平 静安宁并学会宽恕。
Where there is self doubting, we wish you a renewed confidence in your ability to work through them.当你对自己感到怀疑时，祝福你能重新找回对自己能力的信心并奋力开创 新局面。
Where there is tiredness, or exhaustion, we wish you understanding, patience and renewed strength.当你感到身心疲惫，祝福你能理解、忍耐并重新获取力量。
Where there is fear, we wish you love and courage.当你感到恐惧，祝福你得到爱和勇气。
2另外，也可由wherever，anywhere和everywhere引导地点状语从句。 Wherever he happens to be, Clint can make himself at home. Everywhere they appeared, there were ovations.(热烈欢迎)
Wherever your school is located, the most likely event is that you will be met by the Foreign Affairs Officer, or their representative, at the final point of your journey. 3注意区分由where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别：
You had better make a mark where you have any questions. ( 从句)
You had better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.（ 从句）
三．原因状语从句（只有because前可以加强调词only, just或perhaps) 1.—Why are you absent from the meeting?
—Because I am ill.
As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.
Now that/Since everybody is here, Let’s begin our meeting.
Perhaps because most of today's cross-cultural marriages occur because of \ couples work hard to overcome their difference.
2.其它表示原因的方式：because of, thanks to, due to, owing to等。
(1) We had an accident because he was careless. (2) We had an accident due to his carelessness.
(3) Owing to his carelessness we had an accident. 3.其他复合连词表示原因 (1)in that 原因在于
English has an advantage over most of the other languages in that it has become, so to speak, an international language.
E-mail is different from the traditional mail in that it sends and receives mails in a second. (2)seeing ( that), now ( that), considering ( that), given ( that)这些连词与since相似，它们都有 “鉴于某个事实，考虑到”的意思。
Seeing that it's raining hard, we'll have to stay here for the night. They did the job very well, considering that they had no experience. Given that they are inexperienced, they've done a good job. Now that you are sixteen, you can get a driver's license.
(3)not that...but that“不是因为??而是因为??”。
I haven't finished writing the report yet, not that I'm lazy, but that I have no time. 4.because的否定转移
You don't love a woman because she is beautiful. 你不是因为一个女人的美貌而爱她。 You don't love a woman because she is beautiful, but she is beautiful because you love her. 你不是因为一个女人的美貌才爱她，而是因为你爱她才觉得她美。 1)I don 't study English just because it is so difficult.我不学英文，因为它太难了。
2)I don 't study English just because I like to.我学英文并不是因为我喜欢英文（而是因为其 他原因，比如工作需要）。
3)I didn't attend the meeting because he was present, too.
正常理解：因为当时他也出席了，所以我就没有参加那个会议。 否定转移：我出席那次会议并不是因为他也参加。 4) I did not marry her because I loved her.
正常理解：因为我爱她，所以我决定不跟她结婚。 否定转移：我并不是因为爱她才和她结婚。 四、目的状语从句和结果状语从句
1.目的状语从句 从句中常常含有情态动词may/might 或 can/could等
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
2.for fear that （生怕）, in case（万一）与lest(以免）
这些从属连词引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即：(should)+动词原形，
它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that… not…或in order that… not…
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.
3.目的状语从句的简化 (1)in order to/ so as to do
We climbed high in order to get a better view. We climbed high so that we could get a better view. (2)直接用动词不定式
I'd climb the highest mountain, just to see you smile. I'd swim the ocean, just to hold your hand. I'd run a million miles, just to be with you forever.