发布时间 : 星期二 文章英语报刊选读离线作业答案更新完毕开始阅读bde9e83d4b73f242336c5faf
浙江大学远程教育学院 《英语报刊选读》课程作业答案
作业一
A. Multiple Choices. 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A、D、E、H、I
B. Read the following statements and decide whether they are true (T) or false (F). True: 1、4、5、8、10 False: 2、3、6、7、9
作业二 Keys:
1. Give the definition of the following terms. 1) feature
a prominent or special article, story, or department in a newspaper or periodical. 2) editorial
an article in a publication expressing the opinion of its editors or publishers. 3) op-ed
of or being a newspaper page, usually opposite the editorial page, that features signed articles expressing personal viewpoints 4) inverted pyramid
The inverted pyramid is a traditional form of writing in which the news is stacked in paragraphs in order of descending importance. The lead summarizes the principal items of a news event. The second paragraph and each succeeding paragraph contain secondary or supporting details in order of decreasing significance. All the paragraphs in the story contain newsworthy information, but each paragraph is less vital than the one before it. Inverted-pyramid form puts the climax of a story at the beginning, in the lead. 5) lead
A lead is a terse opening paragraph that provides the gist of the story and invites readers inside.
2. What is the difference between hard news and soft news?
Hard news events, such as killings, and speeches by leading government officials, are timely and are reported almost automatically by the media. Soft news events, such as a car wash by a fourth-graders to raise money for a classmate with cancer, are not usually considered immediately important or timely to a wide audience. These events still contain elements of news, however, and the media often report them.
3. What is the difference between news and features?
A news story emphasizes the facts of the event, while the feature displaces the facts to
accommodate the human interest of the story.
4. What are the major criteria for newsworthiness?
Proximity Prominence Timeliness Impact
Conflict and Controversy Uniqueness Human interest
5. What are the principles of news writing? News writing tends to be:
1. Impersonal to make it appear objective (to distance the reporter from the story) hence:
– Written in the third person
– Use of direct speech or indirect speech which is attributed to someone
other than the reporter,
– Some use of passive verbs but usually only when someone who is being
quoted wants to distance themselves from an issue and to show objectively about n issue.
2. About something that has taken place so mostly written in the past tense.
3. Simple – In fact close to the way we talk – relatively short sentences and words and some use of clichés which the whole audience understand. 4. Punchy – it must grab the reader’s attention so often uses: – short rather than long words – active verbs
– relatively short sentences
– concrete rather than abstract vocabulary – sometimes emotive and colorful vocabulary – some use (but not overuse) of adjectives 5. But also relatively formal hence: – no use of contractions
– sentences written in full (no elision) or elliptical sentences
6. sometimes imagery is used to help create a clearer mental picture for the reader. 7. often including the reporter’s by-line and/or a date-line
6. Read the following headlines and analyze the features of the language they use.
a) More Iraqis Said to Flee Since Troop Rise
When passive voice is used in headlines, “to be” is always omitted. Here “are” in “More Iraqis are said to flee…” is omitted. Nouns and noun phrases are often used in headlines to save space. Noun phrases which actually express actions or state are heavily used, and they are derived from verb phrases in order to make
the sentences more compact and save space without lowering the amount of information conveyed. Instead of “since the troop rises”, noun phrase “troop rise” is used.
b) Insurgent raid kills 22 villagers
Most headlines use the present tense-despite the fact that they generally describe past events. The present tense gives the subject a sense of freshness and immediacy, making it more interesting to read. Instead of using “killed”, “kills” is used to describe what happened in the past. Besides, the article “An” in “an insurgent raid” is omitted.
c) Bangladesh Sets Curfew To Curb Student Protests
Short words (i.e. midget words) are often used to conserve space in headlines, for example, “curb” in this headline. Besides, present tense “sets” is used to describe a past event.
d) Storm Death Toll in Midwest Climbs
1. Compact noun phrases are often used in headlines to save space.
2. Most headlines use the present tense-despite the fact that they generally describe past events.
e) Wall Street slightly lower as credit worries linger
Rhetoric devices often used in the writing of newspaper headlines.
In this headline, Wall Street refers to the stock exchange, which is a metonymy. Another rhetoric device used here is rhyme (Correspondence of terminal sounds of words or of lines of verse), as we find in lower and linger.
f) China launches crackdown on inferior goods, unsafe food
In order to conserve space in headlines, comma is sometimes used to replace “and”.
g) China to become U.S. third largest export market by year end
In phrase headlines, infinitives are sometimes used to indicate a future action or event.
7. What do the following abbreviations and acronyms stand for? 1) CPPCC Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议 2) NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration (美国)国家航空和宇宙航行局 3) IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织 4) WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织
8.
5) DJI 6) PM Dow-Jones Index 道·琼斯指数 prime minister首相；总理
9. Read the following news story and answer the following questions. Q1 Saudi king to allow women to vote in local elections Q2 RIYADH, Saudi Arabia Q3 The Associated Press
Q4 The first paragraph: Saudi King Abdullah announced Sunday that the nation’s women will gain the right to vote and run as candidates in local elections to be held in 2015 in a major advancement for the rights of women in the deeply conservative Muslim kingdom. WHO: Saudi King Abdullah WHEN: Sunday WHAT: …announced that the nation’s women will gain the right to vote and run as candidates in local elections to be held in 2015…
作业三
第一单元 社会群体
Lesson 1 For Many Generation X’ers, Job Loyalty is Getting Stronger 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A Lesson 3 How to manage an ageing workforce 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A
Additional Reading
1. The border wall is planned to be built this fall to stem illegal immigration into America.
2. Landowners are concerned it may cut across their property, conservationists see it destroying crucial riverside habitat, and some activists see it inflaming ethnic tensions.
3. It is an expression of friendship between two mayors, two cities and two countries. 4. The border wall is needed to help block the swelling tide of illegal immigration as well as widespread drug and gun smuggling.
5. Because the Mexican government has failed its own people and Mexicans were
Read the following news story and answer the following questions. 1. What is the headline of the report?
Sprawl puts houses in hot zones
2. What is the subheading of the report?
Lack of fire hydrants a growing problem 3. What is the byline of the report?
By Joseph Gidjunis USA TODAY
4. What is the dateline of the report? Salisbury, Md