发布时间 : 星期五 文章2018年 英语二轮专题复习与增分策略训练：专题6 书面表达 第2讲 图表类作文 含答案更新完毕开始阅读be3aa905dcccda38376baf1ffc4ffe473368fd2e
第2讲 图表类作文
图表类书面表达常以曲线图形式、流程图形式、柱形图形式、饼式图形式、数据表格形式及平面图形式出现。这类题型具有文字少、信息简洁、要点分散等特征。图表类书面表达在近年的高考中时有出现，主要是一些关于情况调查、生产、销售、发展进程等各种项目统计的示意图。这类统计图在日常生活中应用得非常广泛，因此，读懂它并能用英语清晰地表述出来具有很强的现实意义。图表作文主要是介绍或说明某方面的情况，文体上属于说明文。考生应按照说明文的形式和特点来进行写作。由于这类试题文字少、信息简洁，如果只是把图表中的内容一点一点地记叙出来，进行清单式的罗列，就会索然乏味，并且达不到字数要求。因此，对于这类形式的书面表达，考生首先要根据图表前的文字说明，弄清楚图表的性质、内容、规律，并做到如下几点： 1．细读图表，抓住特征
图表中的数据信息往往较多，首先要读懂其中的符号和数字所代表的意思。然后，从图表的整体着手，认真分析各项数据，抓住其主要特征，弄懂它们所揭示的规律。经常使用的词汇有：table，chart，figure，graph，describe，tell，show，represent等。 2．认真审读，确定主题
认真审读试题所提供的数据信息，结合文字提示，确定短文的主题。短文的主题往往隐含在图表中，需要考生从图表数据中概括出事情或事件的规律和特征，然后归纳出主题。有时，试题给出了短文的题目，也就等于为考生点明了主题。 3．巧用数据，突出主题
引用数据说明基本趋势，比较数据揭示基本特征。由于图表中的数据信息较多，写作时要巧妙地引用一些数据来说明主题，不要作任何发挥。表达时，既要包含所有要点，但又不能面面俱到。经常使用的词汇有：rise，drop，reduce，increase，decrease，fall，while，but，on the contrary，however，compare...to/with...，in contrast to，as...as，the same as，similar to，different from，difference between，among，more than，less than等。 4．词句多变，表达灵活
由于图表数据比较单调，很容易使人选用相同的词语和句式进行表达，结果文章显得很乏味。因此，写作时要尽量避免重复使用同一词语或句型，选择一些异曲同工的词语和句式来表达。 5．适当发挥，表明观点
图表类书面表达有时要求考生在对数据进行分析、对比后，简单地谈谈自己的看法或提出建议，这属于让考生自主发挥的部分，更是短文最精彩的部分。考生要在该部分陈述自己的看法，表明自己的观点，提出解决问题的方法或建议。表述观点时，可以引用人们普遍的观点，
也可说出自己独到的见解。借题发挥时，不可偏离主题，只要把观点表述清楚即可，不必作更多的解释或说明。经常使用的词有：in a word，in short, generally speaking，It’s clear from the chart that...，we can draw the conclusion that...，we can learn/know...等。 典题印证(2015·江苏)
请阅读下面文字及图表，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 1.The other day，a netizen ?网民? shared a photo on Sina Weibo.It was about an old lady standing in front of a car that was on a bicycle lane，and insisting that it leave the track.The photo drew about 7，000 comments on the social media platform.Despite the thumbs-up ?点赞? given to the old lady，some argued that attention should be paid to our heavy road traffic. 2.Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions，ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles.Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable. 3.From 2005 to 2014，the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently，China had 15% of the world’s total vehicles. 写作内容
1．用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2．结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；
3．根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。 写作要求
1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句； 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3．不必写标题。 评分标准
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
高分范文
The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack.It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people’s lives.The three selections presented above are typical examples.
Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem.In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.What’s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.
In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order.Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos.But rules alone don’t secure an orderly society.It is the people who obey the rules that matter.It is everybody’s duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track. 写作良方 1．认真审题
(1)审素材：概括其内容，提炼要点，确定短文时态、人称；(2)审图表，素材与图表结合表明导致交通问题的原因；(3)从两方面所得到的启示。 2．构思写作
文章可分成三段来写作：(1)概括素材内容，完成素材与图表的有机结合；(2)分析导致以上交通问题的原因；(3)得到的启示。 3．连句成篇
考生应该学会用适当的关联词，把整篇文章衔接起来，使其有序、合理、得体。
1
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
The panda is the most widely recognized symbol among foreigners to represent Chinese culture，followed by green tea and yin/yang，according to a survey conducted by the Beijing Institute of Culture Innovation and Communication.Researchers selected 18 symbols of Chinese culture，including Confucius(孔子)，Beijing Opera and Kung Fu，etc.
“It is interesting to find that foreigners have a very different understanding of Chinese culture from us，” said Yu Dan，a professor of Chinese culture at Beijing Normal University.
The survey collected 2,407 questionnaires from the United States，United Kingdom，France，Australia，Japan and South Korea.Respondents were asked to rate their understanding of Chinese culture on a five-point scale from excellent to poor.The results were indicated in the following chart：
understanding of Chinese culture
1．用约30个单词写出上文和图表的概要； 2．用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括： (1)你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么？请说明理由； (2)我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化？(至少两点) 写作要求
1．须表明个人观点，同时提供理由或论据；
2．阐述观点或提供论据时，不得直接引用原文中的句子； 3．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 4．不必写标题。 评分标准
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 参考范文 改写句子
A survey conducted recently shows that the panda is what can best represent Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes.Yet foreigners in general lack a good understanding of Chinese culture.
From my perspective，there is no denying that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture(同义句改写：1.it is impossible to deny that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture)．As a philosopher，Confucius not only represents the traditional Chinese culture，but has been influencing us Chinese people since ancient times.Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world，which provide platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture(改为简单句：2.Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world，providing platforms for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture)．
Undoubtedly，culture is a decisive factor for social development.As a country with a long history，China is rich in civilization and culture.To promote Chinese culture，we are supposed to provide various cultural exchange activities.What’s more，establishing Confucius Institutes all over the world is also a good idea(用it作形式主语改写：3.What’s more，it is also a good idea to establish Confucius Institutes all over the world)．Meanwhile，attracting more foreign