发布时间 : 星期五 文章基于单片机的火灾报警器（毕业设计）更新完毕开始阅读bf7b2e986edb6f1aff001fd6
2011级毕业设计（论文）
基于单片机的火灾报警器
年 级: 学 号: 姓 名: 专 业: 通信工程 指导老师:
二零一五年六月
西北民族大学本科毕业设计
摘要
随着火灾事故发生的频率逐渐升高，让很多人开始意识到防火工作重要。现在
很多研发机构都重点开发一些大型场所的火灾报警器，而家庭适用的却很少。因此，我们有必要研发一种经济实用、结构简单的家庭火灾报警器来满足市场的需求。文章中设计了一种为提供家庭生活使用的火灾报警器。它以单片机作为火灾报警器的控制核心器件，采用其它器件配合即可实现声光报警的功能。火灾报警器主要由信号采集模块、GSM模块、显示模块、模数转换模块、单片机控制模块、声光报警模块构成。本设计能够对环境进行实时监控，通过液晶屏显示出来，当检测到温度或烟雾浓度超过报警临界值时能发出声光报警和远程报警。报警器经过信号采集模块采集信号后送入单片机进行判决，如果超过临界值发出报警，否则继续检测。
关键字：传感器； 火灾报警器； 单片机； 火灾安全； 远程报警
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西北民族大学本科毕业设计
Abstract
Gradually increased with the frequency of fire accident, more and more people began to realize the importance of the work to preventing . Now many R&D institutions have been focusing on the fire alarm for some large sites,but rarely for family. Therefore, it is necessary for us to research a kind of fire alarm that economical and practical for family,it has simple structure and large needs for market.We designed the fire alarm for family and describe it in the paper. the fire alarm uses MCU as the core control device,with match of other devices it can alarm of sound and light.The fire alarm is mainly composed of a signal acquisition module, GSM module, display module, ADC module, MCU control module, a sound and light alarm.This alarm can carry out real-time monitoring of the environment,and display through the LCD screen, when the detected temperature or the smoke concentration exceeds the alarm threshold it can send out sound and light alarm and remote alarm. The alarm signal goes into the signal acquisition module and then to the MCU to judge , if the alarm exceeds the critical value, otherwise it continue to test the signal.
Key words: sensor;fire alarm; MCU; Fire safety; Remote alarm
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西北民族大学本科毕业设计
目录
摘要 ........................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ............................................................................................................................... II 第一章 前言 ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 课题设计研究的背景 ............................................................................................ 1 1.2 课题设计研究的目的和意义 ................................................................................ 1 1.3 课题设计研究的主要内容 .................................................................................... 1 1.4 课题设计研究进度计划 ........................................................................................ 2 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 2 第二章 设计功能指标要求 ................................................................................................. 3 第三章 设计方案 ................................................................................................................. 4
3.1 基本设计思路 ........................................................................................................ 4 3.2 整体方案概述 ........................................................................................................ 4 3.3 关键硬件及电路设计方案介绍 ............................................................................ 5
3.3.1 STC89C52单片机 ........................................................................................ 5 3.3.2 MQ-2烟雾传感器 ........................................................................................ 5 3.3.3 18B20温度传感器 ...................................................................................... 5 3.3.4 ADC0832芯片 .............................................................................................. 5 3.3.5 GSM模块 ...................................................................................................... 6 本章小结 ........................................................................................................................ 6 第四章 设计的具体电路 ..................................................................................................... 7
4.1 硬件电路设计 ........................................................................................................ 7
4.1.1单片机最小系统 .......................................................................................... 7 4.1.2 时钟电路和复位电路设计 ......................................................................... 7 4.1.3显示模块 ...................................................................................................... 8 4.1.4 声音报警电路 ............................................................................................. 9 4.1.5按键控制电路 .............................................................................................. 9 4.1.6 电源 ........................................................................................................... 10 4.2 元器件选择 .......................................................................................................... 10
4.2.1 单片机选型 ............................................................................................... 10 4.2.2 烟雾传感器的选型 ................................................................................... 11 4.2.3 温度传感器的选型 ................................................................................... 11 ...................................................................................................................................... 12 4.4 软件流程设计方案 .............................................................................................. 12 本章小结 ...................................................................................................................... 12 第五章 设计调试及遇到的问题处理 ............................................................................... 13
5.1 设计调试的方案及安排 ...................................................................................... 13 5.2 遇到问题及处理 .................................................................................................. 13 本章小结 ...................................................................................................................... 13 第六章 结果分析 ............................................................................................................... 14
6.1 测试方案 .............................................................................................................. 14
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