发布时间 : 星期二 文章GCT英语更新完毕开始阅读c0271c1a59eef8c75fbfb34f
助构成进行体，完成体，被
动态，否定句，疑问句等。 例如_________________________________ 三 短语动词
动词加小品构成的起动词作用的短语叫短语动词（Phrasal Verb）。例如： Turn off the radio. 把收音机关上。（turn off是短语动词） 短语动词的构成基本有下列几种： 1） 动词+副词，如：black out； 2） 动词+介词，如：look into；
3） 动词+副词+介词，如：look forward to。构成短语动词的副词和介词都统称为小品词（Particle）。 四 非谓语动词
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式，动名词，和分
词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词)。 1）不定式
时态\\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done 2）动名词
时态\\语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done 3）分词
时态\\语态 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
否定形式： not +不定式， not + 动名词， not + 现在分词 五 动词的时态 一般现在时
1 经常发生的动作、存在的状态或现阶段的习惯。主要副词有：often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the
morning, everyday, on Sunday
2 限制的事实或普遍真理 Light travels faster than sound.
The teacher told his students that the sun rises in the east.
3 在时间、条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时 I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
She will go to see him as soon as he arrives. 4 根据计划或安排将要发生的动作，可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。主要动词有：come, go, leave, arrive, start,
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fly, drive
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. His plane flies at 9:00 a.m.. 一般过去时
1 在过去发生的动作或存在的状态 He lived in Beijing five years ago. 2 过去经常性、习惯性的动作
When I was a boy, I often went to play in that park. 现在进行时
1 此时此刻正在进行的动作。
The employees are reading magazines now. 2 目前这段时间正在进行的动作。 What’s he doing this week?
3 常与等连用，表示反复出现的动作，常含赞扬、讨厌等情绪。 The girl is always smiling happily.
You are always making the same mistake.
过去进行时 1 当、、、的时候：when, while, as
从句动作发生， 主句动作正在进行 从句：短暂性 主句：持续性
The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office.
When I entered the room, he was watching TV. 从句：正在发生， 主句：发生了
从句：持续性，进行时， 主句：终止性，不用进行时 Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. As she was reading the newspaper, Sophie fell asleep.
从句：正在发生， 主句：正在发生
While I was watching TV, he was reading a book.
2 当主句有then, at the time, at that time, at this time yesterday等修饰时 I don’t think Jim saw me, he was just staring at the ship at that time. 3 上下文提示
--- Did you move into the new home?
--- Not yet, the rooms were being painted. 一般将来时
1 will / shall do sth. 按计划或安排
The train will start at six tomorrow morning. 不以人的意志为转移
Tomorrow will be / is Women’s Day. 2 be going to do
计划或安排，很可能但不一定 It looks as if it is going to rain.
3 be to do sth. 强调规定、要求、义务等
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4 现在进行时代替一般将来时 come, go, leave, arrive, start, drive, fly The train is leaving at f tomorrow morning. 5 完成时代替一般将来时
I’ll come to see you as soon as I have failed my homework. I will take a bath when I have written my article.
现在完成时
1 过去的动作对现在的影响
2 过去的动作延续到现在：so far, up to now, for a long time I have cleaned the room.
I have taught English for 8 years.
3 与过去完成时的区别
Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home. 4 与现在/过去完成进行时的区别 I have thought it over.
I have been thinking it over.
The ground was wet, it had been raining all day. 5 与一般过去时区别
He has studied English for 5 years. He studied English 5 years ago. He studies English very hard. He is studying English now. He will study English.
练习：
1. My mother ___ Mrs. Lin quite well. They were introduced at a party
A. is knowing B. was knowing C. knows D. had been knowing 2. By this time tomorrow we ___ the computer.
A. have repaired B. shall have repaired C. will repair D. would repair 3. He said that he ___ the information for all the computers soon.
A. gets B. would get C. has got D. had got 4. However hard you ___, you will never succeed in pleasing her.
A. try B. will try C. should try D. would try 5. Helen ___ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband___ home.
A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come 6. --- my glasses ?--- Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.
A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen
7. It’s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory ___ by about 10%.
A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising
8. Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it ___ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.
A. would be B. has been C. had been D. would have been 9. I first met Lisa three years ago, She ___ at a radio shop at the time.
A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 10. ---- Who is Jerry Cooper?
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---- ___ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting. A. Don’t you meet him yet B. Hadn’t you met him yet C. Didn’t you meet him yet D. Haven’t you meet him yet 11. ---- Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? ---- I ___, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would C. was going to D. did 12. Until then, his wife ___ from him for six months.
A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn’t heard D. hadn’t heard 13. The conference ___ a full week by the time it ends.
A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. hasn’t heard D. has lasted
14. It seem oil ___ from this pipe for some time, we’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking 15. ---- Hi , Tracy , you look tired .
---- I am tired . I ___ the bedroom all day.
A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted 第七讲 虚拟语气 1 虚拟语气的种类
If I have enough money, I will go to Japan next year. 2时态推移 ⑴ if虚拟条件句 从句
主句
与现在事实相反：
过去时（be动词用were） would should + 动词原形（do） could might
与过去事实相反：
过去完成时 (had done) would
should + 现在完成时（have done） could might
与将来事实相反： should + 动词原形
或：were to +动词原形 would should + 动词原形（do） could might 注意：
1.在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用\，不用was
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