扁蓄提取物杀螨活性的研究- 副本 - 图文 联系客服

发布时间 : 星期四 文章扁蓄提取物杀螨活性的研究- 副本 - 图文更新完毕开始阅读c0a8a0c3162ded630b1c59eef8c75fbfc77d94c6

山东农业大学硕士学位论文中文摘要通过对9种中草药的27种粗提物对朱砂叶螨的杀螨活性测定,发现篇蓄等几种提取物杀螨活性较高。篇蓄(PolygonumaviculareL.)又名多茎莆蓄,为蓼科一年生或多年生草本植物,分布于全国各地,以河南、四川、浙江、山东、吉林、河北等地产量较大,生于田野、路旁、水边和湿地。蓄苦;微寒,归膀胱经,具有利尿通淋、杀虫、止痒之功效;用于膀胱热淋、小便短赤、淋沥涩痛、皮肤湿疹、阴痒带下等疾病;现民间广泛用其治疗泌尿系统的感染、结石及肾炎等疾病。本论文对篇蓄提取物中杀螨活性物质进行了分离纯化,并根据气相色谱仪鉴定结果初步测定了活性物质的化学成分,对其毒杀朱砂叶螨的超微结构进行了电镜观察,测定了体内几种酶活性的变化,初步明确了篇蓄提取物对螨类的作用机理。试验结果如下:①采用液.液萃取法,对篇蓄的氯仿粗提物用石油醚和甲醇两种有机溶剂进行萃取,萃取率分别为:石油醚>甲醇>中间不溶物;生物测定结果表明:中间不溶物杀螨率为(84.00-2:5.32)%,明显高于甲醇萃取物(40.74-4-2.64)%和石油醚萃取物(32.69-3:1.32)%。②对篇蓄的氯仿提取物进行柱层析分离及TLC检测后得到19个流分,生物测定结果表明,流分2、7、8、15、16、17、18对朱砂叶螨的触杀效果较好,均达到70%以上,其中,在2mg?mlq时,流分16的杀螨效果最好,达到了87.12%。⑨采用气相色谱.质谱联用技术对杀螨活性较好的流分16的挥发性物质成分进行分析,检测出了4种化学成分。随后,对纯品进行了生物活性测定,结果表明杀虫效果不显著,推测可能是几种成分协同作用的结果。焉蓄提取物杀螨活性的研究④利用透射电镜对用篇蓄提取物处理过的朱砂叶螨的病变细胞和遭到破坏的细胞器包括细胞核、线粒体、内质网、高尔基体进行观察,发现,细胞核中的各个组成部分消解,线粒体内脊紊乱、细胞膜溶解,内质网消解,高尔基体分解、附着的核糖体散落。⑤采用比色法测定蔚蓄提取物对朱砂叶螨体内的ATP酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)和谷胱甘肽.S.转移酶活性的影响,发现篇蓄提取物对ATP酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)和谷胱甘肽.S.转移酶活性具有一定的抑制作用。关键词:篇蓄;提取物;生物测定;超微结构;酶活性2Polygonaceaeannualorperennialherbaceousplantsinthecountry,Henanprovince,Sichuan,Zhejiang,Shandong,Jilin,Hebei,yieldalarger,bominfields,roadsides,waterandwetlands.Coldstorageandbitter,micro-,tothebladder,adiureticpass,insecticidal,antipruriticeffect;bladderthermalsprayingurineshortred,rainorpain,skinrash,yinyangbandandotherdiseases;itisnowwidelyusedamongthetreatmentofurinarytractinfections,stonesandnephritisandotherdiseases.WehaveaseparationandpurificationtoAcaricidalactivitiesofPolygonumaviculareL.,andwehaveatesttostandardsamplesaccordingtotheGC—MSresults.ultrastructureofTetranychuscinnabarinusareobservedbyelectronmicroscopy,.PrimarymechanismWasinvestigatedthroughthechangesofseveralenzyme.Experimentalresultsareasfollows:①Byliquid—liquidextraction,petroleumetherandmethanolareusedinratesarepetroleumether>methanol>intermediateresultsshow:intermediateinsolubledicofolratehigherthanmethanolextract(40.74士2.64)%3extraction,extractioninsoluble;bioassay(84.00-a:5.32)%,significantlyindicatethatefficacyisnotsignificant,presumablyshouldbesynergisticeffectsofseveralcomponents.④ThisexperimentusesextractionofPolygonumaviculareL.toprocessthepathologicalchangecellofTetranychuscirmabarinusbythetransmissionelectronmicroscope,likethedestructedcellorganwhichincludesthecellnucleus,thelineplastochondria,theendoplasmicreticulum,thegolgiosomecarriestoobservate,theyallhavebeendiscoveredtheobviouschange.Inthecellnucleuseachconstituentdispels,inthelineplastochondriathekeeldisorder,thecellmembranedissolve,theendoplasmicreticulumdispels,thegolgisomedecomposestheribosomewhich,adherestostickcoheretoscatter.⑤TheactivityofATPasc,TChEandGSTsaseinT.einnabarinuswereassayedbycolorimetricmethodafterapplicationoftheextractsfrom‘PolygonumaviculareL一Keywords:PolygonumaviculareL.;extractions;activemethod;Microstructure;enzymaticactivity4