·¢²¼Ê±¼ä : ÐÇÆÚÎå ÎÄÕÂÀºÇòУ±¾¿Î³Ì½Ì²Ä - ͼÎĸüÐÂÍê±Ï¿ªÊ¼ÔĶÁc24e6d500029bd64793e2c8b
ÈýÒåÓÀСѧУ±¾¿Î³Ì½Ì¿ÆÊé
С Ƥ Kuailelanqiu
ÈýÒåÓÀСѧ
¿ìÀÖÇò
ÈýÒåÓÀСѧУ±¾¿Î³Ì½Ì²Ä ¿ìÀÖÀºÇò
Ŀ ¼
µÚÒ»Õ ÀºÇòÔ˶¯¸ÅÊö ¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡................£¨1£©
µÚÒ»½Ú¡¢ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÆðÔ´ºÍ·¢Õ¹¡¡¡¡¡.¡.....¡...£¨1£© µÚ¶þ½Ú¡¢ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÌصãºÍ¼ÛÖµ¡¡¡¡.....¡¡¡¡£¨2£©
µÚ¶þÕ ÀºÇò¼¼ÊõÀíÂÛÓëʵ¼ù¡¡..¡¡¡¡¡¡..£¨3£©
µÚÒ»½Ú¡¢Òƶ¯.........¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡...¡¡¡¡¡.£¨4£© µÚ¶þ½Ú¡¢´«½ÓÇò......¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..¡¡¡¡¡.£¨8£© µÚÈý½Ú¡¢Í¶Àº..........................¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡..¡¡.£¨11£© µÚËĽڡ¢ÔËÇò...................................................................£¨12£© µÚÎå½Ú¡¢³ÖÇòÍ»ÆÆ...........................................................£¨15£© µÚÁù½Ú¡¢¸öÈË·ÀÊØ...........................................................£¨17£© µÚÆß½Ú¡¢ÇÀÀº°åÇò...........................................................£¨20£©
µÚÈýÕ¡¢ÀºÇòµÄ»ù±¾Õ½Êõ.........................................£¨21£©
µÚÒ»½Ú¡¢´«ÇÐÅäºÏ...........................................................£¨21£© µÚ¶þ½Ú¡¢²ßÓ¦ÅäºÏ .........................................................£¨22£© µÚÈý½Ú¡¢Í»·ÖÅäºÏ...........................................................£¨23£© µÚËĽڡ¢ÑÚ»¤Óëµ²²ðÅäºÏ..............................................£¨24£© µÚÎå½Ú¡¢¿ì¹¥ÅäºÏ..........................................................£¨27£©
µÚ1Ò³ ¹²30Ò³
ÈýÒåÓÀСѧУ±¾¿Î³Ì½Ì²Ä ¿ìÀÖÀºÇò
ÄÚ ÈÝ Ìá Òª
±¾ÕÂÖصã²ûÊöÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÌص㡢ÆðÔ´ÓëÑݽø»úÆ÷·¢Õ¹£¬Îª¿ªÍØѧÉúµÄÖ»ÊÇÃ棬¼òµ¥½éÉܵ±´úÀºÇòµÄ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ
¡¾Ñ§Ï°Ä¿±ê¡¿ ͨ¹ý½Ìѧ£¬ÊÇѧÉú»ù±¾ÕÆÎÕÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÌص㡢ÆðÔ´¼°Æä·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ¡£ µÚÒ»½Ú ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÆðÔ´ºÍ·¢Õ¹
ÀºÇòÔ˶¯ÊÇ1891ÄêÓÉÃÀ¹úÂíÈøÖîÈûÖÝ˹ÆÕÁַƶûµÂÊлù¶½½ÌÇàÄê»áѵÁ·Ñ§Ð£ÌåÓý½Ìʦղķʿ¡¤ÄÎÊ·ÃÜ˹²©Ê¿·¢Ã÷µÄ¡£µ±Ê±£¬ÓÉÓÚÔÚº®ÀäµÄ¶¬¼¾£¬ÈËÃÇȱ·¦ÊÒÄÚ½øÐÐÌåÓý»î¶¯µÄÇòÀྺÈüÏîÄ¿£¬ÄÎÊ·ÃÜ˹±ã´Ó¹¤È˺ͶùͯÓÃÇòÏò¡°ÌÒ×Ó¿ð¡±Í¶×¼µÄÓÎÏ·Öеõ½Æô·¢£¬Éè¼Æ½«Á½Ö»ÌÒÀº·Ö±ð¶¤ÔÚ½¡Éí·¿ÄÚÁ½¶Ë¿´Ì¨µÄÀ¸¸ËÉÏ£¬ÌÒÀº¿ÚˮƽÏòÉÏ£¬¾àµØÃæ10Ó¢³ß£¬ÒÔ×ãÇòΪ±ÈÈü¹¤¾ßÏòÀºÄÚͶÖÀ£¬ÈëÀºµÃ1·Ö£¬°´µÃ·Ö¶àÉÙ¾ö¶¨Ê¤¸º¡£ÒòΪÕâÏîÓÎÏ·×î³õʹÓõÄÊÇÌÒÀººÍÇò£¬ËìÈ¡ÃûΪÀºÇò¡£1893ÄêÌúÖÊÇòÀºÈ¡´úÁËÌÒÀº²¢¹ÒÉÏÁËÏßÍø¡£1895ÄêÀº¿ð¿ªÊ¼¹Ì¶¨ÔÚ4¡Á6Ó¢³ßµÄÀº°åÉϲ¢Öð½¥ÉîÈ볡ÄÚ£¬µ½1913Ä꣬ÓÉÓÚÿ´ÎͶÀºÃüÖкó¶¼ÐèÒª½«Çò´ÓÀº¿ðÄÚÀ̳öÌ«Âé·³£¬ÓÚÊÇÈËÃǽ«ÀºÍøµ×²¿¼ô¿ª£¬ÐγÉÁ˽üËÆÏÖ´úµÄÀº°åºÍÇòÀº¡£
×î³õµÄÀºÇò±ÈÈü¹æÔòºÜ¼òµ¥£¬¶ÔÓÚ³¡µØ´óС¡¢²Î¼ÓÈËÊý¶àÉÙ¡¢±ÈÈüʱ¼ä³¤¶Ì¶¼Ã»ÓÐͳһµÄ¹æ¶¨¡£1892ÄêÄÎÊ·ÃÜ˹Öƶ¨Á˵ÚÒ»²¿13ÌõµÄÔʼ¹æÔò£¬Ä¿µÄÊÇʹÀºÇòÓÎÏ·ÔÚ¹«Æ½¶ÔµÈµÄÌõ¼þϽøÐУ¬Í¬Ê±²»ÔÊÐí´ÖÒ°¶¯×÷µÄ·¢Éú¡£1915ÄêÃÀ¹úÖƶ¨ÁËÈ«¹úͳһµÄÀºÇò¾ºÈü¹æÔò£¬²¢·Òë³É¶àÖÖÎÄ×Ö£¬ÏòÈ«ÊÀ½ç·¢ÐС£1932Ä꣬¸Õµ®ÉúµÄ¹ú¼ÊÀºÁªÒÔÃÀ¹ú´óѧʹÓõÄÀºÇò¹æÔòΪ»ù´¡£¬Öƶ¨Á˵ÚÒ»·ÝÊÀ½çͳһµÄ¾ºÈü¹æÔò¡£Ëæ×ÅÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬³¡µØÉ豸µÃµ½¸Ä½øºÍÍêÉÆ£¬¹æÔòÒ²²»¶ÏµØÔöɾºÍ±ä»¯£¬ÏÖÐйæÔò¹²ÓÐ61ÌõºÍ57¸öÊÖÊÆͼ¡£
ÒÔ1992Äê°ÍÈûÂÞÄǵÚ25½ì°ÂÔË»áÀºÇòÈüÖÐÃÀ¹ú¡°ÃÎÖ®¶Ó¡±µÄ¾øÃî±íÏÖ£¬ÏÔʾ×ÅÀºÇòÔ˶¯ÕûÌåÄÚÈݽṹºÍÓÅÐãÔ˶¯¶ÓÎé×ÛºÏÖÇÄÜ¡¢¼¼ÄÜ¡¢ÄÜÁ¦½á¹¹·¢ÉúÁËÖʵı仯¡£½ñºóÈÔ¼ÌÐøÏò×Å¡°¸ß¡±¡¢¡°¿ì¡±¡¢¡°È«¡±¡¢¡°×¼¡±µÈÇ÷ÊÆ·¢Õ¹£¬´Ó¶øʹÈ˸ÐÊܵ½ÀºÇò¾ºÈüµÄÇò³¡Ô½À´Ô½Ð¡¡¢¾ºÈüµÄʱ¼äÔ½À´Ô½¶Ì¡¢Çò³¡±ä»¯Ô½À´Ô½¿ì¡¢¹¥ÊضÓÔ±ÉíÌå½Ó´¥Ô½À´Ô½½ü¡¢±È·ÖÔ½À´Ô½¸ßÒÔ¼°Å®×ÓÓëÄÐ×ӵĶԿ¹ÐÎʽԽÀ´Ô½ÄÑ·Ö²®ÖÙ¡£
Ò»¡¢¡°¸ß¡±µÄÐÂÒâ
ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄ¡°¸ß¡±£¬Ê±´úÒѸ³ÓèÆäÐÂÒ⣬¡°¸ß¡±µÄÄÚººÍÍâÑÓ¾ù·¢ÉúÁËб仯¡£µÚÒ»£¬ÊÀ½çÇ¿¶ÓÆÕ±éÖØÊÓ¶ÓÎéµÄÕûÌåÉíÌåƽ¾ù¸ß¶ÈµÄÔö³¤¡£ÃÀ¹úµÈÊÀ½çÓÅÐã¶ÓÎéÖеĸߴó¶ÓÔ±ÔÚµÚ25½ì°ÂÔË»áÉϾùÄܽ«¾ªÈ˵ĵ¯ÌøÁ¦¡¢Ãô½ÝµÄ±¼ÅÜÒƶ¯ÒÔ¼°ÎÞÒÔÂױȵļ¼ÊõºÍ¼¼ÇÉÈÚÓÚÒ»Éí£¬Õ¹ÏÖ¾øÃîµÄ±íÑÝ£¬ÒѳÉΪµ±´úÊÀ½çÀºÇòÔ˶¯Öиߴó¶ÓÔ±µÄµä·¶¡£µÚ¶þ£¬ËæןߴóÔ˶¯Ô±´óÁ¿Ó¿ÏÖ£¬¸ß¿ÕÕù¶á¸üΪͻ³ö£¬ÄÜ·ñÕ¼ÓÐÖÆ¿ÕÓÅÊÆ£¬ÒѳÉΪºâÁ¿¶ÓÎéˮƽµÄÖØÒª±êÖ¾£¬ÓÚÊÇ´´Ðµĸ÷ÖÖÁ¢ÌåÐ͵ÄÕ½ÊõÅäºÏ·½·¨£¬ÎªÊÀ½çÀºÇòÔ˶¯ÔöÌíÁËÐí¶àÐÂÄÚÈÝ¡£
¶þ¡¢¡°¿ì¡±µÄÑÓÉì
ÀºÇò¾ºÈü¹æÔò¶Ô½ø¹¥ÓÐʱ¼äÏÞÖÆ£¬Ò»´Î½ø¹¥±ØÐëÔÚ30sÄÚ½áÊø¡£ÊÀ½çÀºÇòÔ˶¯Ç¿»¯ÁË\¿ì\µÄÒâʶ£¬ÏÆÆðÁËÈ«Ãæ\¿ì\µÄÀ˳±¡£½ñºóµÄÇ÷ÊÆÓпÉÄÜ»¹Òª½«½ø¹¥Ê±¼äÏ޵ĸü¶ÌЩ£¬Õâ±ã¸øÀºÇòÔ˶¯Ìá³öÁ˸ü¿ìµÄËÙ¶ÈÒªÇ󣬽øÒ»²½Ðγɸ÷ÖÖ¿ìµÄ¼¼¡¢Õ½Êõ·½·¨¡£
µÚ1Ò³ ¹²30Ò³
ÈýÒåÓÀСѧУ±¾¿Î³Ì½Ì²Ä ¿ìÀÖÀºÇò
Èý¡¢¡°È«¡±µÄÑݽø
ÏÖ´úÀºÇòÔ˶¯¶Ô\È«\µÄÒªÇóÊÇ£ºµÚÒ»£¬Ô˶¯Ô±ËØÖÊÈ«Ã棻µÚ¶þ£¬ÖØÊÓÈ«Ãæ×ÛºÏËØÖÊˮƽ£¬ÌÕÒ±×Ô¼º³ÉΪ¼ÈÈ«ÃæÓÖÓÐÌس¤µÄ¶ÓÔ±£»µÚÈý£¬¶Ô½ÌÁ·Ô±À´Ëµ£¬±ØÐë¸ß¶ÈÖØÊÓ²¢ÉÆÓÚ¿ÆѧµØʹÔ˶¯Ô±¾ßÓÐÒÔÉÏÖî¶àÒòËصĿª·¢ÓëÈ«ÃæÀûÓõIJÅÄÜ£¬Í¬Ê±·´Ó³³ö½ÌÁ·Ô±µÄÈ«Ãæ²Å»ªºÍ×ÛºÏˮƽ¡£
ËÄ¡¢¡°×¼¡±µÄ·¢Õ¹
ÏÖÔÚÀºÇò¾ºÈü»ý·ÖµÄ¸ß±È·ÖµÄÌصãÊÇ£ºµÚÒ»£¬ÒÔ3·ÖÇòΪÖصãµÄͶÀº×¼È·ÐÔ¼ÌÐøÌá¸ß£»µÚ¶þ£¬ÕÆÎÕ¹¥Êؼ¼Êõ¡¢ÔËÓù¥Êؼ¼ÊõÓë±ä»¯×¼È·ÐÔÌá¸ß¡£µÚÈý£¬Õ½ÊõÅäºÏµÄʱ¼äÓë¿Õ¼ä¡¢µØÃæµÄ½ÓºÍµÄ׼ȷÐÔÌá¸ß¡£
µÚ¶þ½Ú ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÌصãºÍ¼ÛÖµ
ÀºÇòÔ˶¯ÊÇ×îÊÜÈËÃÇϲ°®µÄÔ˶¯ÏîÄ¿Ö®Ò»¡£ËüÖ®ËùÒÔÔÚÈ«ÊÀ½ç·¶Î§Äڵõ½Èç´Ë¹ã·ºµÄ·¢Õ¹£¬ÊÇÓÉÓÚËüÓÐÒÔÏÂÌصãºÍ¼ÛÖµ¡£
ÀºÇòÔ˶¯¾ßÓнÏÇ¿µÄ¼¯ÌåÐÔ¡£ËüÒªÇóÿ¸öÔ˶¯Ô±ÔÚ±ÈÈüÖбØÐë×öµ½ÆëÐÄÐÁ¦£¬ÃÜÇÐÅäºÏ£¬ÕâÑù²ÅÄܴﵽսʤ¶Ô·½µÄÄ¿µÄ¡£
ÀºÇò±ÈÈüµÄ¼¼Õ½Êõ£¬¾ßÓи´ÔÓÐԺͶԿ¹ÐÔ£¬´Ó¶ø¿ÉÒÔÅàÑøÔ˶¯Ô±µÄÍçÇ¿Òâ־ƷÖÊ¡£ÏÖ´úÀºÇò±ÈÈüÔÚʱ¼äºÍ¿Õ¼äÉÏÕù¶áÔ½À´Ô½¼¤ÁÒ£¬¾ÍÒªÇóÔ˶¯Ô±ÒªÕÆÎÕе÷¶àÑùµÄ¼¼Êõ¶¯×÷£¬¶øÇÒ»¹ÐèÒª¾ß±¸Ëæ»úÓ¦±äµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬ÈçͻȻ¸Ä±ä·½Ïò£¬Í»È»¸Ä±äËٶȣ¬Ê±¶ø¼²ÅÜ£¬Ê±¶ø¼±Í££¬Ê±¶øÆðÌøµÈ¡£Òò´Ë£¬Í¨¹ýÀºÇòÔ˶¯½Ìѧ£¬Ñ§ÁªºÍ±ÈÈü£¬ÄÜÌá¸ß¸÷ÖÖ¸ÐÊÜÆ÷µÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¬Ìá¸ß¹ã·º·á¸»ºÍ¼¯ÖÐ×¢ÒâÁ¦ÄÜÁ¦¼°¿Õ¼ä£¬Ê±¼äºÍ¶¨ÏòÄÜÁ¦¡£¶ÔÌá¸ßÉñ¾ÖÐÊàµÄÁé»îÐÔ£¬Ìá¸ßÉñ¾ÖÐÊàе÷Ö§Åä¸÷Æ÷¹ÙµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬Æð×ÅÁ¼ºÃµÄ×÷Óá£ÀºÇòÔ˶¯µÄÌصãÓë¼ÛÖµ£º ¡¤¾ßÓнÌÇ¿µÄ¶Ô¿¹ÐԺͼ¤ÁҵľºÕùÐÔ¡£
¡¤¼¯ÉíÌåËØÖÊ¡¢¼¼ÄܺÍÖÇÁ¦ÓÚÒ»ÌåµÄ×ÛºÏÐÔÏîÄ¿¡£
¾³£²Î¼ÓÀºÇòÔ˶¯¶Ô¸ÄÉÆÐķι¦ÄÜ£¬Ìá¸ßÖÐÊàÉñ¾ÏµÍ³¹¦ÄÜ£¬Ô˶¯Æ÷¹Ù¹¦ÄÜÒÔ¼°ÔöÇ¿ÌåÖʶ¼ÄÜÆðµ½ÓÐÒæµÄ×÷Óá£
¡¤ÀºÇòÔ˶¯¾ºÕù¼¤ÁÒ£¬³¡ÉÏÇéÊƱä»ÃĪ²âºÍÔ˶¯Ô±¸ß³¬µÄ¼¼Êõ¡¢Õ½ÊõÅäºÏ£¬ÍùÍùÈùÛÖÚÔÞ̾²»ÒÑ£¬Òò´Ë¾ßÓнϸߵĹÛÉͼÛÖµ¡£ ¿ÎÏÂÁ·Ï°£º
1.ͨ¹ýÕâÒ»ÕµÄѧϰÄãÀí½âÁËÀºÇò·¢Õ¹µÄÆðÔ´ºÍÑݽøÁËÂ𣿠2.½áºÏ±¨Ö½¡¢ÐÂÎŵÈýÌ壬̸̸Äã¶ÔÏÖ´úÀºÇòµÄÀí½â¡£
µÚ2Ò³ ¹²30Ò³