发布时间 : 星期一 文章江西师范大学附属中学2017届高三上学期期中考试英语试卷及答案更新完毕开始阅读c265f213580102020740be1e650e52ea5518ce89
research suggests that happiness does indeed have a scent, and that the experience of happiness can be transmitted through smell, reports Phys.org.
For the study, 12 young men were shown videos meant to bring about a variety of emotions while researchers gathered sweat samples from them. All of the men were healthy and none of them were drug users or smokers, and all were asked to abstain from drinking or eating smelly foods during the study period.
Those sweat samples were then given to 36 equally healthy young women to smell, while researchers monitored their reactions. Only women were selected to smell the samples, apparently because previous research has shown that women have a better sense of smell than men and are also more sensitive to emotional signaling—though it's unclear why only men were chosen to produce the scents.
Researchers found that the behavior of the women after smelling the scents—particularly their facial expressions—indicated a relationship between the emotional states of the men who produced the sweat and the women who sniffed them.
“Human sweat produced when a person is happy brings about a state similar to happiness in somebody who breathes this smell,” said study co-author Gun Semin, a professor at Koc University in Turkey.
This is a fascinating finding because it not only means that happiness does have a scent, but that the scent is capable of transmitting the emotion to others. The study also found that other emotions, such as fear, seem to carry a scent too. This ensures previous research suggesting that some negative emotions have a smell, but it is the first time this has proved to be true of positive feelings.
Researchers have yet to isolate(分离) exactly what the chemical compound for the happiness smell is, but you might imagine what the potential applications for such a finding could be. Happiness perfumes, for instance, could be invented. Scent therapies（香味疗法）could also be developed to help people through depression or anxiety.
Perhaps the most surprising result of the study, however, is our broadened understanding of how emotions get communicated, and also how our own emotions are potentially managed through our social context and the emotional states of those around us. 24. What is the main finding of the new research?
A. Pleasant feelings can be smelt out. C. Men produce more sweats.
B. Negative emotions have a smell. D. Women have a better sense of smell.
25. The underlined part “abstain from” in Paragraph 3 probably means _________. A. continue B. practice
C. avoid
D. try
26. What is the application value of the new research? A. Perfumes could help people understand each other. B. Some smells could be created to improve our appearance. C. Perfumes could be produced to cure physical diseases. D. Some smells could be developed to better our mood. 27. We can learn from the last paragraph that . A. happiness comes from a scent of sweat B. social surroundings can influence our emotions C. people need more emotional communication D. positive energy can deepen understanding
C
New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.
Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinerland and it became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to France, and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it, and the Americans under General Andrew Jackson.
The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting（淤积）and the river is now actually higher than the city. Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.
Although New Orleans has been a part of the United States for almost two centuries, its population takes great pride in its French heritage. Louisiana still retains parts of the Code Napoleon which, for many years, was its only law.
New Orleans is carefree city and it boasts its hot, spicy Creole seafood and its native Dixieland Jazz. The Jackson Square neighborhood maintains its French colonial homes and in other sections are pre-Civil War mansions. Visitors are surprised to find that behind this interesting
surface of yesteryear is a busy industrial and port city. Grain and coal come from the Midwest and foreign goods are unloaded here. New Orleans is no longer a sleepy Southern town----but it's still fun to visit.
28. The battle of New Orleans was fought by Jackson against______. A. France
B. Britain
C. Spain
D. The North
29. According to the passage, the Code Napoleon was _______. A. an agreement to sell Louisiana C. a city plan
B. a body of laws
D. a military code for the army
30. Which of the following elements does not apply to the attitude of the citizens of New Orleans? A. Pride in their French heritage. B. A desire to retain colonial buildings. C. A refusal to engage in trade and commerce D. A praising of Dixieland Jazz.
31. Tourists visiting New Orleans are surprised to encounter _____. A. Creole food homes
D
When it's five o'clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they're done.
These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale（士气）and creativity.
Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 am to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.
What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock
B. Dixieland jazz
C. a busy city
D. authentic colonial
time” vs \little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.
The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-supported in the business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.
This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need，and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It'll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.
32. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?
A. It makes everybody time-conscious. B. It is a convenience for work and life.
C. It may have a negative effect on creative work. D. It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.
33. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?
A. They seize opportunities as they come up. B. They always get their work done in time. C. They have more control over their lives. D. They tend to be more productive.
34. What do the researchers say about today's business culture?
A. It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies. B. It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice. C. It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers' lives. D. It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full play. 35. What do the researchers suggest?
A. Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work. B. It is important to keep a balance between work and life.