发布时间 : 星期三 文章(完整word版)外研版八年级下册语法讲解和练习更新完毕开始阅读d05791d469ec0975f46527d3240c844769eaa006
八年级下册英语语法 by厚德载物tan
模块九语法
whether/if及疑问词引导的宾语从句
本模块主要学习另外两类宾语从句——whether或if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。 一、whether或if引导的宾语从句
1. whether/if 引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”，表示不确定的概念，常位于ask, see, say, know, find out等词或短语的后面。一般情况下，两者可互换，在口语中多用if。例如：
Nobody knows whether/if it will rain tomorrow. 没有人知道明天是否会下雨。
Lucy asked whether/if they had a cotton sweater. 露西问他们是否有棉制的毛衣。 2. whether/if 引导宾语从句时，要注意三方面，即连词、语序和时态。 (1)whether/if在句中不能省略。例如：
I don't know if/whether he will come here today. 我不知道他今天是否会来这儿。 (2)whether/if引导的宾语从句，其从句的语序应用陈述语序。例如： Did you know the way to the hospital? The old woman asked me.
→The old woman asked me if/whether I knew the way to the hospital. 那位老妇人问我是否知道去医院的路。
(3)whether/if引导的宾语从句，其时态应和主句的时态保持一致。即当主句为一般现在时态时，从句可根据实际情况选择不同的时态；当主句为一般过去时态时，从句一般使用相应的过去时态。例如： I don't know if/whether he has come here. 我不知道他是否已经来这儿了。 Tom asked if/whether I had read the book. 汤姆问我是否读过这本书。 3. whether/if的区别：
(1)在动词不定式之前只能用whether。例如：
I can't decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
(2)在固定结构“whether…or not”中，只能用whether。例如：
I want to know whether it's good news or not. 我想知道它是否是好消息。 (3)在介词后只能用whether。例如：
His father is worried about whether he may lose his job. 他的父亲担心他是否会失去工作。 二、疑问词引导的宾语从句
1．在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。例如： Whose bike is this？Does anybody know? →Does anybody know whose bike this is? 2．在时态上，宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。例如：
When will the train arrive？He asked me. →He asked me when the train would arrive. 3．在语序上，要将疑问语序改为陈述语序。例如：
Which one do you like best？She asked me. →She asked me which one I liked best
注意：疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do/does/did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
4．特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时，语序不变(时态应作相应变化)。例如：
Who can answer the question？The teacher asked. →The teacher asked who could answer the question.
5．特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句点完全取决于主句的句式：如果主句为陈述句或祈使句，句末就用句点；如果主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。例如： I don't know when we shall start tomorrow. Do you know when we shall start tomorrow?
Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.[2015?南京]—I saw David in the teachers' office this morning. Do you know ________ he was there? —He went there to hand in his homework. A．how B．whether C．when D．why ( )2.[2015?泰安]—Could you please tell me________you will go to Hong Kong on business?
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八年级下册英语语法 by厚德载物tan
—Sure. I prefer to take a plane. A．whether B．why C．when D．how ( )3.I don't know ________ or not they will come to help us. A．whether B．if C． that D．when ( )4.[2015?青岛]I wonder________．
A．how will you celebrate Thanksgiving B．that the Water Festival is really fun
C．what do people eat on the MidAutumn Festival D．whether you will make resolutions on New Year's Day [解析] D 在宾语从句中，从句用陈述语序，排除A和C；又由主句中“wonder”可知选D ( )5.[2013?黔东南] Our physics teacher told us light________ faster than sound. A. travels B．travelled C．travelling D. to travel ( )6.[2014?滨州] Excuse me, can you tell me________？
A. when does the plane leave B. how long the plane has left C. when the plane leaves D. when did the plane leave ( )7.Could you tell me________ a meeting in Guangzhou next week? A. if there was going to be B. if there is going to be C. whether is there going to be D. whether there is going to have
( )8.[2015?昆明]—The project is so difficult for your cousin. —Yes, I am wondering________． A．that he will finish it on time B．whether he can finish it by himself C．how could I help him out D．can I do anything necessary for him [解析] B 句意：“这个工程对于你的表弟来说实在是太难了。”“是的，我想知道________。”wonder是动词，后面用宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C、D，根据句意可知选B。 Ⅱ.按要求完成下列各题
1．Would she finish her homework in two hours? She wasn't sure.(合并为一句) She wasn't sure _if / whether she would finish her homework in two hours. 2．The children asked their mother. Can we eat those apples？(合并为一句) The children asked their mother__if/ whether they could___eat those apples
3．[2014·兰州] Tom said, “We will go back tomorrow morning.” (改为间接引语) Tom said they_would come back the next morning.
4．[2014·黔西南] “Who is responsible for the food safety problem? ”asked the reporter. (改为间接引语) The reporter asked_who was responsible for the food safety problem. Ⅲ.用适当的连接词填空
1．I can't hear _what_ they are talking about over there. 2．The mother asked her son _if/whether_ he had lunch.
3．—Do you know _whose_ bike it is? —Maybe it's Lucy's. 4．Could you tell me _whether your father is at home or not? 5．She told me that she would go to Shanghai next week. Ⅳ.将下列句子变成宾语从句
1．When will the plane arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ____ _____ _____ _____ ____. When the plane will arrive 2．What are you interested in? Could you tell me?
Could you tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ ____？What you are interested in 3．Is there life on other planets? No one knows.
No one knows ____ ____ _____ _____ _____ _____. If/whether there is life on other planets 4．Which movie does he like best? Let's ask him.
Let's ask him _____ _____ _________ ________．Which movie he likes best 5．Why did Mike stop working? I don't know.
I don't know _____ _____ ________________.why mike stopped working
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八年级下册英语语法 by厚德载物tan
模块十语法
宾语从句的时态及否定转移
在前两个模块中，我们学习了宾语从句的引导词和语序问题，本模块我们学习宾语从句的时态及否定转移问题。 一、宾语从句的时态
1．当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态应根据实际情况而定。例如：
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她将在他的书桌上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Tai. 她说她从来没有去过泰山。(从句是现在完成时) 2．当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般使用相应的过去时态。例如：
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。 (从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看那个婴儿。 (从句是过去将来时)
He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说那时他们正在开会。 (从句是过去进行时)
注意：当宾语从句表示客观真理、自然现象、科学原理时，其时态不受主句谓语动词的限制，仍用一般现在时。例如：
The teacher told us (that) nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。 He said that light travels faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。 二、宾语从句的否定转移
当主句的主语是第一人称I/we，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时，如果其后的that宾语从句表示否定意义，not应否定主句谓语。例如：
I don't think he is right. 我认为他是不对的。 I don't believe he will come. 我认为他不会来。 Ⅰ.单项填空
( )1.[2014?南充] —I want to know ________ the machine. —It's easy. Let me show you.
A．what I can use B．how I can use C. what can I use it D．how can I use it ( )2.[2015?宁夏]—Excuse me, could you tell me ________ buy some fruits? —Sure. There's a supermarket down the street.
A．where I can B．where can I C．what I can D．what can I ( )3. Can you tell me________？
A. what's the matter with him B. what the matter with him is C. what happened with him D．what with him happened
( )4.[2015?沈阳]Do you know ________？ I want to see a funny film.
A．where the cinema is B．where is the cinema C．where the cinema was D．where was the cinema ( )5.[2015?长春]—Could you tell me ________ the space museum? —Sure, next Monday. A．when we visited B．when did we visit C．when we will visit D．when will we visit ( )6. Bruce says________ he can come at 9：00 tomorrow. A. when B. what C. that D. what time
( )7. Dave, could you teach me________ to search the Internet? A. that B. how C. when D．why ( )8. Could you tell me________？
A. where is the nearest post office B. where the nearest post office was C. where the nearest post office is D. where was the nearest post office ( )9. He wants to know________ to learn Chinese well. A. if B. when C. how D. that
( )10.[2015?镇江]—Mum, the visit to the science museum is so wonderful.
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八年级下册英语语法 by厚德载物tan
—Really? Could you tell me ________？
A．that you did and saw there B．when you come back
C．how did you get there D．if you saw models of spacecraft there ( )11.—I want to know ________．
—Sorry, I've no idea. But she was here just now.
A．where is Ann B．where Ann is C．where was Ann D．where Ann was ( )12.Could you tell me ________ the cool Tshirt?
A．where you buy B．where do you buy C．where did you buy D．where you bought ( )13.—Dad, please tell me when Mum ________．I miss her very much.
—She will return when she ________ her task. And she will bring a nice present for you.
A．returns; finishes B．returns; will finish C．will return; finishes D．will return; will finish ( )14.—What did he say just now? —He asked me ________．
A．when my sister would come back B．when did my sister come back C．when will my sister come back D．when my sister will come back Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．I hear that she_________ (be) back soon.will be
2．My father said he__ _______(can't) find his car key this morning. Couldn’t 3．We know that Taiwan_____ (be) in the southeast of China. Is
4．My uncle was not sure if he________ (have)enough money to buy a new house the next year. Would have 5．Lisa said light________ (travel)faster than sound.travels Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子 1．她说她明天会回去。
She says that _____ _____ _____________ ________．She will go back tomorrow 2．莉莉问我是否打算和她去野餐。
Lily asked me ___ ___ ___ _____ ___ ____ _____ with her. If I was going to have a picnic 3．你听见我刚才所说的话了吗？
Do you hear ________ ________ ________ just now?what I said 4．他说他正在观看一场足球比赛。
He said that _____ _____ ________ a football match. He was watching 5．你能告诉我为什么地球绕着太阳转吗？
Could you tell me ______ ______ ______ _____ ______ the sun?why the earth goes round Ⅳ.将下列句子变成宾语从句
1．She heard. Mike has gone to Beijing.
She heard ________ Mike ________ gone toBeijing.that had 2．I wanted to know. What are they talking about?
I wanted to know _____ _____ ________ talking about. What they were 3．Could you tell me? What are you going to do this evening?
Could you tell me ________ ________ ________ going to do this evening? What you are 4．Our teacher told us. Light travels faster than sound.
Our teacher told us ________ light ________faster than sound.that travels 5．I wonder. Where does Lily come from?
I wonder ________ Lily ________ ________ where comes from
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