发布时间 : 星期六 文章2018-2019学年高中英语 Module 4 Music Born in America S更新完毕开始阅读d57f313870fe910ef12d2af90242a8956becaa83
Section Ⅲ Grammar-时间状语从句与省略
[语法初识]
原句感知 自主探究 ①Some of the DJs began speaking and shouting while (1)句①～⑤中黑体部分在句中引the music played. 导是时间状语从句，句⑥⑦为省略②The moment I heard it, I knew it was a completely 句。 new kind of music. (2)句④⑤为no ... ③The first time that rap artists recorded their sooner ...than music, musicians recorded the backing tracks (the /hardly ...when ...句式，表示music without the singing) in the studio and the “一……就……”，且no rappers added their vocals later. sooner/hardly位于句首时，主句④No sooner had he arrived home than it began to 要用倒装语序。 rain. (3)句⑥是不定式的省略，省略了⑤Hardly had I entered the room when the phone rang. to后面的动词(短语)。 ⑥—Do you want to go to the movie tonight? —I hope to (go to the movie)． (4)句⑦中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中包含be动词的某⑦While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a 种形式，可以将从句的主语和bestrange but able student. [语法剖析]
语法点一
1．由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句 when 从句中的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间动词。从句的动作与主句的动作可以同时、之前或之后发生 时间状语从句 动词同时省略。 while 从句中的动词只能是延续性动词，从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生 as When she came in, I was doing my homework.
从句中的动词既可以是延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。侧重指从句的动作与主句的动作同时进行，常译为“一边……一边……；随着” 当她进来时，我正在做作业。
When/while I lived with the Smiths, we used to discuss international issues together.
我和史密斯一家住在一起时，我们经常一起讨论国际问题。 As she grew older, she lost interest in gardening. 随着年龄越来越大，她对园艺失去了兴趣。 2．由till或until引导的时间状语从句 主句形式 肯定句 主句谓语 用延续性动词 意义 意为“直到……为止”，表示主句中的动作截止到从句动作发生时 意为“直到……才……”，表示主句中的动作开始于从句动作发生时 否定句 用短暂性动词 He waited until she had finished speaking. 他一直等到她讲完。
You can't go home until you finish your work. 工作完成后你才能回家。
[名师点津] (1)till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但till不可用于句首并且在强调句中多用until。
(2)如果将“not until ...”结构放在句首，那么主句要部分倒装。
It was not until the meeting was over that he began to tell me the secret. 直到会议结束他才开始告诉我那个秘密。
Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it. 直到我们向他们指出，他们才意识到自己的错误。 3．由since引导的时间状语从句
(1)若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是非延续性动词，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。
We have been missing them since they left here. 自从他们离开这儿以来我们一直想念他们。
(2)若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，则从句表示的时间是“从延续性动作或状态结束时算起”。
How long is it since you lived in Shanghai? 你多久不住在上海了？
4．由before引导的时间状语从句
(1)before 意为“在……之前”，置于主句前后均可。
Before the sun sets, we must go home. 太阳落山前，我们必须回家。
(2)如果before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时不能译成“在……之前”，而要译成“过了多久才……”“还未……就……”等。
The struggle lasted four years before the North won in the end. 战争持续了4年北方才最终获胜。
He almost knocked me down before he saw me. 他几乎撞到我时才看见我。
She left before I could have a word with her. 我还没来得及和她说句话，她就离开了。 (3)before常用句型
??“要过……时间才……”
It won't be long before ...从句用一般现在时?“不久就会……”
?It was not long before ...从句用一般过去时?“没过多久就……”
It was＋时间段＋before ...从句用一般过去时??“过了……时间才……”
再过两年他才会离开这个国家。
It will be＋时间段＋before ...从句用一般现在时
It will be two years before he leaves the country.
5．由意为“一……就……”的词引导的时间状语从句
(1)immediately, instantly, directly, the moment/instant/minute (that)作连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生。常译成“一……就……”。
Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full attention. 你只要一开始说话，他就会全神贯注地听。
(2)hardly/scarcely ...when ...和no sooner ...than ...也表示“一……就……”。主句用过去完成时，when和than从句中用一般过去时。当hardly/scarcely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应倒装。
Hardly had we begun our walk when it began to rain. 我们刚开始散步天就开始下雨了。 6．由名词短语引导的时间状语从句
短语the first/last time, every/each/next time等也可作连词，引导时间状语从句。