发布时间 : 星期三 文章高考英语复习中几个值得注意的句式和搭配更新完毕开始阅读de417ebbc77da26925c5b08f
高考英语复习中几个值得注意的句式和搭配
固定句式是高考英语的选考考点。通过对历届高考试题的研究我们发现：高考对中学英语中一些常用的固定句式经常考查。比如：
1. would rather：意为“宁愿”, 其后接动词原形; 若后接有 than 表示比较, than 之后也要用动词原形; 其后若接从句, 从句谓语用虚拟语气（指现在或将 来用过去时, 指过去用过去完成时）。
2. rather than：意为“而不”、“不是?而是?”, 前后连接的成分应该是平行 的（注意：若是连接不定式, rather than 之后的不定式可以带 to 或不带 to, 也可用动名词)。另外, rather than 有时可用于句首, 此时其后的动词通常用 原形。
3. prefer...to / rather than...：意为“宁愿?而不愿?”, 连接两个名词或动名 词时, 用to; 连接两个不定式时(后一个不定式通常不带 to), 用 rather than。
4. not...until...：意为“直到?才?”, 对于该句式要特别注意以下两个结构 （高考命题热点）：
强调结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其它 倒装结构：Not until...＋倒装结构
5. so...that. . /such...that...：意为“如此?以致于?”, 其结构为： so + adj. /adv. + that... so + adj. + a/an + n. + that... such + a/an + adj. + n. + that...
6. Would you be so kind as to...? 意为“请你做?好吗?”该句型也可以说成 Would you be kind enough to...? 其义不变。
7. no sooner...than... / hardly...when...：意为“一?就?”, 该句式的特点是：主句一般要用过去完成时, 而从句则要用一般过去时; 另外若将no sooner/hardly
置于句首, 主句要用倒装结构(部分倒装)。 请看几道高考实例：
(1) He said he would rather not _______ it right now. A. doing C. do
B. to do
D. to be doing 【C】
(2) I _______ play football than basketball. A. would rather C. like better
B. had better D. prefer 【A】
(3) Would you be _______ to step this way, please? A. too kind C. so kind as
B. so kind
D. as kind as 【C】
(4) She told us _______ story that we all forgot about the time.
A. such an interesting C. so an interesting
B. such interesting a
D. a so interesting 【A】
(5) Not until the early years of the 19th century _______ what heat is. A. man did know
B. man knew
D. did man know 【D】
C. didn’t man know
(6) Not until I began to work _______ how much time I had wasted. A. didn’t I realize C. I didn’t realize
B. did I realize D. I realized 【B】
(7) It was not _______ she took off her dark glasses _______ I realized she was a famous film star.
A. when; that C. until; when
B. until; that D. when; then 【B】
(8) —Shall we go skating or stay at home? —Which _______ do yourself? A. do you rather
B. would you rather D. should you rather 【B】
C. will you rather
(9) Not until all the fish died in the river _______ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize C. the villagers did realize
B. the villagers realized
D. didn’t the villagers realize 【A】
(10) It was not until 1920 _______ regular radio broadcast began. A. while C. that
B. which D. since 【C】
“until+过去分词”考题分析
有这样一道题：
He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _________ to. A. spoken
B. speaking
C. speak
D. be spoken
【分析】此题容易误B，认为until 是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。其实，此题应选A，until spoken to 为 until he is spoken to 之省略。句意为“他是个沉默寡言的人，别人不同他说话，他很少同别人说话”。按英语习惯，一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、 让步等的状语从句，若其主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语包含动词be, 那么可将从句的主语和动词be省略：
摘自www.nmet168.comYou must study hard while (you are) young, or you will regret when (you are) old. 趁年轻时要努力学习，不然到老了你会后悔的。
I won't go unless (I am) invited. 我不会去, 除非请我。
Look out for cars when (you are) crossing the streets. 过马路时要注意汽车。 While (I was) waiting I was reading some old magazines. 等的时候我在看一些旧杂志。
He worked very hard though (he was) still rather poor in health. 尽管身体还不好，但他仍努力工作。
摘自www.nmet168.comHe will work hard wherever (he is) sent by the Party. 无论党把他派往哪里,他都会努力工作。
请再看两道试题：
(1) If carefully _________, the experiment will be successful. A. do
B. does
C. done
摘自www.nmet168.comD. doing
答案选C，可视为 if it is carefully done 之省略。
(2) The research is so designed that once _________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
摘自高考英语网D. begun
答案选D，可视为 once it is begun 之省略。
请看下面一题：
In that month, he earned as much as, if _________ than, $40 000. A. no more
B. not more
C. no much
D. not much
“if not+比较级”考题一例
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。if not more than 为 if he didn’t earn more than $40000 之省略。请看类似试题（答案均选B）：
摘自高考英语网1. Her pronunciation is as good as, if _________ than, her teacher's. A. no better
B. not better
C. no good
D. not good
2. This church is as old as, if _________ than, that one. A. no older
B. not older
C. no old
D. not old
3. He has read the book as many as, if_________ than, five times. A. no more
B. not more
C. no much
D. not much
摘自高考英语网省略考题透析一例
有这样一道题：
摘自高考英语网“What have you been doing?” “_________ television.” A. Watch
B. Watching
C. Having watched D. Watched
最佳答案选B，为 I have been watching television. 之省略。又如： (1) “What have you been doing?” “_________.” A. Swim
B. Swimming
C. To swim
D. Swam
答案选B，为 I’ve been swimming. 之省略。 (2) “Has he been crying?” “No, _________.” A. laugh
B. laughing
C. To laugh
D. laughed
答案选B，为 He has been laughing. 之省略。 比较以下各题：
(1) “What is he going to do with that?” “_________ fish.”
摘自高考英语网A. Catch B. Catching C. Having caught D. Caught
答案选A，为 He is going to catch fish. 之省略。 (2) What should he have done?” “_________ the police.” A. Told
B. Tell
C. Telling
摘自www.nmet168.comD. To tell
答案选A，为 He should have told the police. 之省略。
请看下面一题：
Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________, of course, made the others unhappy.
摘自www.nmet168.com都是逗号惹的祸
A. who B. which C. this D. what
许多学生认为此题句子结构比较混乱，逗号太多，难于理清头绪。请同学们先看下面一句：Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _________ made the others unhappy. 一般同学都知道此题应填关系代词 which，用以引导一个非限制性的定语从句。事实上，上面一题就是根据此题演变出来，只不过在 which 与 made 之间插入了一个 of course。所以上面一题应选B。又如：
摘自www.nmet168.co(1) The meeting was put off, _________, of course, was exactly what we wanted. A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
(2) He was very fond of speaking French, _________, indeed, he spoke well. A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
以上两题答案均选B，which 引导的为非限制性定语从句，其后的 of course 和 indeed 为插入成分。
摘自www.nmet168.com典型形容词考题10例
1. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?” “Oh, he is an _____ man.”