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本科生毕业论文 第I页
RH精炼去除微小夹杂物
摘 要
随着科技的进步对钢的洁净度就提出了更高的要求。控制夹杂物就成为了一个重要
的研究项目，作为炉外精炼有效手段的RH精炼的研究就非常必要了。主要阐述了洁净钢概况、RH技术的发展、RH精炼夹杂物概况和去除夹杂物水模实验研究。实验模型在几何相似比λ=1:4、聚丙烯作为模拟夹杂物和NaHCO3作为模拟CaCO3的模型上进行水模实验，研究了上升腿中提升气量、上升腿浸入钢液深度和向钢包中加入NaHCO3的量对去夹杂物的影响，得出结论如下：1）较大提升气量的去夹杂物效果好于较小提升气量的，但是存在一个最优值。2）从去夹杂物的角度考虑，浸入深度存在一个最优值。3）从去夹杂角度，并考虑成本和引入新杂质量等因素。4）实验中向钢包中加入NaHCO3对夹杂物的去除有所提升，去除率从78.26%提升到85.41%，去除率提升了7.15%。
关键字：洁净钢；RH真空精炼；夹杂物；水模
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ABSTRACT
With the progress of science and technology, advanced industrial products quality of high-end increasing, the cleanliness of steel puts forward higher request. Control inclusion is an important research target, as an effective means refining outside the furnace of RH is very necessary to study.This paper expounds the general situation, clean steel RH the progress of the technology, RH refining inclusion profile and removing water model experiment research inclusions. The experiment model in Ansteel the third factory 175t RH-TB as the prototype, the geometric similar ratio(λ) is 1:4, polypropylene as simulation inclusion and NaHCO3 as simulation of CaCO3 on model of water model experiment, the air of the up leg into the liquid steel ladle depth and add to the amount of NaHCO3 to go to the influence of the inclusion, draw the conclusion is as follows:1) larger gas ascension to inclusion works better than a smaller gas ascension, but there is a mos.2) on the view point of inclusion, immersion depth exist a best value. 3) on the view point of inclusion, and consider the cost and introducing new miscellaneous quality factors, NaHCO3 optimal inputs is 120 mol, equivalent to 806 of the prototype data is mol CaCO3;4) add NaHCO3 to ladle in the experiment to remove the inclusions had increased, from the removal rate 78.26%, rising to 85.41%, removal rate up 7.15%.
Key words:Clean steel；RH vacuum degasser；inclusions；NaHCO3；water modeling
本科生毕业论文 第I页
目 录
摘 要 .................................................................................................................................. I ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................... II 目 录 .................................................................................................................................. I 1 文献综述 ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 洁净钢的发展 ............................................................................................................. 1
1.1.1 洁净钢概况 ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 生产洁净钢的主要技术 .................................................................................. 2 1.1.3 RH精炼炉概况 ............................................................................................... 3 1.2 RH精炼的发展 .......................................................................................................... 5
1.2.1 RH精炼技术发展 ........................................................................................... 5 1.2.2 我国RH精炼技术 .......................................................................................... 6 1.2.3 RH精炼技术的完善 ..................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 1.3 生产中RH夹杂物概况 ............................................................................................. 8
1.3.1 夹杂物的来源 .................................................................................................. 9 1.3.2 夹杂物去除途径 .............................................................................................. 9 1.3.3 影响夹杂物去除的因素 ................................................................................ 10 1.3.4 钢中夹杂物去除技术 .................................................................................... 10 1.4 课题由来 ................................................................................................................... 11
2 实验原理及方法 ............................................................................................................. 14
2.1 实验原理 ................................................................................................................... 14
2.1.1 几何相似和动力相似 .................................................................................... 14 2.1.2 微小气泡的产生 ............................................................................................ 14 2.1.3 模拟介质的确定 ............................................................................................ 15 2.1.4 气泡去夹杂物机理 ........................................................................................ 18
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2.2 实验设备与参数 ....................................................................................................... 20
2.2.1 实验装置及材料 ............................................................................................ 20 2.2.2 实验参数的选定 ............................................................................................ 21 2.3 实验方案 ................................................................................................................... 29
2.3.1 提升气量对夹杂物去除率影响的实验 ........................................................ 29 2.3.2 浸入深度对夹杂物去除率影响的实验 ........................................................ 30 2.3.3 加入量对夹杂物去除率影响的实验 ............................................................ 31
3 实验结果与分析 ............................................................................................................. 33
3.1 提升气量实验的结果与分析 ................................................................................... 33 3.2 浸入深度实验的结果与分析 ................................................................................... 33 3.3 加入量实验的结果与分析 ....................................................................................... 34
3.3.1 实验过程分析 ................................................................................................ 34 3.3.2 实验结果与分析 ............................................................................................ 41
结 论 ............................................................................................................................... 43 致 谢 ............................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。 参考文献 ............................................................................................................................... 44 附 录 ............................................................................................... 错误！未定义书签。