发布时间 : 星期五 文章TEM 4语法解析与模拟练习更新完毕开始阅读e6bec539376baf1ffc4fad76
应对考试的方法
咱们先从dictation说起。可以说听写这部分是最考专业水平了的。考生除了要能逐字逐句听懂短文以外，还要准确无误的写下来。这就首先需要同学们具有扎实的基本功，常用的3000单词要烂熟于心。当然，如果听到生词，或者是一个词突然记不起来怎么写了，不要慌，先留个位子，接着往后写。写完后，念第三、四遍的时候再回忆。如果实在是写不出来这个单词，不能留空，可以自己杜撰一个符合上下文语境的词。如果留了空，一句话不完整，就算做是一个broken sentence，这一句话都不能得分的。而写错了一个单词只扣0.5分。
再说听力理解。专四改革很大一部分是听力理解这部分的改革。原来的conversation取消，取而代之的是passages，难度自然相对就提高了。一篇passage可以有3到4个问题，需要在听完短文后迅速做出判断。做这样的题的时候，大家听录音前，一定要想办法先把相关的题目和选项浏览一遍，听录音的时候就可以带着问题、有重点、搜索式的听，不是听新闻联播一般盲目的瞎听。很多学校都会提前发卷，大家在填写好机读卡和第二卷的基本信息之后就应该开始为这部分做准备了。至于如果有的学校发了卷也不让启封，那你就该自己看着办了。News broadcast部分的答题技巧和passage没有什么区别，只是大家平时应该多听听英语新闻，了解一下时政，做起题来就更加得心应手了。
在Words & Vocabulary部分，很多考的都是基本的语法和词汇，甚至有初高中学过的语法形式。这又进一步说明专四考试是在验证大家的基础知识是否牢固。对于一些基础不是很好的同学，在把历年真题弄透彻的基础上，还可以适当做一些模拟题来巩固和检测。市面上也有很多这样的书，不过质量参差不齐，大家选购的时候一定要多注意。网上也有很多这样的题和资料，不过错答案很多的。所以大家不能盲目相信答案，遇到自己不确定的，可以多讨论，一定要搞清楚。 完型填空是英语综合能力的运用。对一个词，一个词组，真的需要咬文嚼字的功夫。大家做题时一定要仔细推敲每个选项的深意，不能看着某个词有点像那么回事就把它填上，往往这样的词都是干扰项。 Race against time.和时间赛跑。
专业四级的阅读和CET四、六级的阅读有很大不同。前者考整体捕获信息的能力，后者考的是对文章细微处的把握。在阅读方法上，我推荐大家在专四中采取“先看题，再读文章”的办法。看了题再“搜索式”的去读文章，不必纠缠细节，找到和题目有关的句段，稍做推敲，选出正确答案即可。（这与CET的阅读方法是不一样的）一般来讲，专四阅读的题目不会像CET四、六级那样需要同学们把每个句子、每个选项都要琢磨的很清楚。专四的阅读考的是速度，just search the information that is necessary and neglect those surplus ones。 作文方面，专四作文分为“小作文”（note writing 便条写作）和“大作文”。小作文的练习，便条写作，相信大家平时也做了不少，需要提醒大家的无非就是一定要注意格式。大作文的要求要高一些。写作的时候一定要围绕主题，不能盲目发散，一发不可以收拾。一个好的beginning sentence能为你的文章增色不少，也能让阅卷老师在冗长的阅卷过程中忽觉“refreshed”，从而把你的文章提高一个档次。关于怎么样写好作文，大家可以多参考一些写作的书籍。
英语专业四级考试的语法与词汇到底考什么？
从英语专业教学大纲的要求来看，专业四级考试其实只是测试学生的英语基础知识，检验他们是否已经具备进入高年级学习的专业基础。在这之前的学习其实都
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只是基础阶段的学习，学生进行是全面、严格的基本技能训练。而专业四级考试中的语法与词汇部分的目的是测试学生掌握词汇、短语及基本语法概念的熟练程度。
专业四级考试要求我们掌握的语法内容，具体如下：
1. 名词：可数及不可数名词；抽象、专有、物质名词的数；‘s 属格的各种意义；某些以-s 结尾的名词的数；集体名词的数。
2. 限定词：限定词与三类名词的搭配关系；限定词与限定词的搭配关系；冠词的类指、特指和独指；冠词的习惯用法； some, any 和 no 的用法。
3. 代词：不定代词one, some, anyone 及不定代词one, they, we, you, he的用法；物主代词，非人称代词的用法；反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。
4. 动词的时和体：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成体；一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成体；将来时，过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法；情态动词的各种用法；虚拟式，被动态的用法；不定式和不定式分句，-ing 分词和–ing分句、 –ed分词和 –ed分句的用法。
5. 定语从句，名词性从句（包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等）；状语从句（包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句）。
6. 直接引语，间接引语，并列结构，从属结构（包括独立结构，无动词分句，非限定分句和限定分句的转换）；形容词和副词的比较级、最高级；介词与介词词组；附加疑问句；存在句；主谓一致；后置、前置与倒装；省略。
从2005年开始，语法与词汇部分恢复为30道试题，题目中约50%为词汇、词组和短语用法题，其余为语法结构题。从近13年的真题来看，我们不难发现英语专业四级的语法与词汇考题主要是围绕11项语法要点：从属分句、非限定动词、虚拟语气、情态动词、限定词、句子成分、倒装、动词时态、附加成分和强调句型。而考试的重点和难点则集中在考核考生对从属分句、非限定性动词、虚拟语气、情态动词和动词时态等语法的应用上。
Ⅰ动词(时态,语态,用法,省略,一致性等) 1. 时态
1)现在完成进行时态 (have/has been + -ing 分词构成): 动作或状态从过去某时开始,继续到现在,可能继续下去,也可能刚刚结束. I’ve been writing letters for an hour. I’ve been sitting in the garden.
2)过去完成进行时(由had been + ing分词构成): 过去某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作
I’d been working for some time when he called.
We had been waiting for her for two hours by the time she came. 3)将来完成进行时: 将来某个时刻以前一直在进行的动作. By next summer, he will have been working here for twenty years. In another month’s time she’ll have been studying here for three years.
4)将来完成时(由shall/will have + 过去分词构成): 将来某时会业已发生的事. I shall have finished this one before lunch.
They’ll have hit the year’s target by the end of October. 2. 语态
1) 可以有两种被动结构的类型,例如:
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He was said to be jealous of her success.
It was said that he was jealous of her success.
能同时适用于上述两个句型的主动词通常都是表示“估计”,“相信”等意义的动词,常见的有assume,believe,expect,fear,feel,know,presume,report,say,suppose,understand等. It is supposed that the ship has been sunk. The ship is supposed to have been sunk.
担当be supposed to 与不定式的一般形式搭配时往往表示不同的意义.例如:
Why are you driving so fast in this area? You are supposed to know the speed to know the speed limit. (你应该晓得速度限制) 2) 双宾语及宾补结构的被动语态
a) 双宾语结构的被动语态: 双宾语结构变为被动语态时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面,但多数是把间接宾语变为主语.
He was asked a number of questions at the press conference.
Two days were allowed them for making the necessary preparations. b) 宾补结构的被动语态:
She was called Big Sister by everybody. Then he was made a squad leader.
He was considered quite qualified for the job. The room was always kept clean and tidy. 3. 短语动词 1) Vi + adv
The plane took off two hours late. 2) Vi + prep
They looked round the Cathedral. 3) Vi + prep (有被动语态)
She’s looking after her sister’s children. The children were always well looked after. 4) Vi + adv + prep
I began to look forward to their visits. 5) Vt + O + adv
Some women choose to stay at home and bring up their children. The children were brought up by their mother. They took him on.
6) Vt + adv + O (无被动语态) I am trying to give up smoking. 7) Vt + O + prep
We talked Donald into agreement. 4. 省略
1) 在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略: 在有些状语从句中,如果谓语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略掉. a) Look out for cars when crossing the street.
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When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. While there he joined in voluntary labour on a project.
Although not yet six months old, she was able to walk without support. If not well managed, irrigation can be harmful.
Though reduced in numbers, they gained in fighting capacity. This viewpoint, however understandable, is wrong.
Enemies, once discovered, were tightly encircled and completely wiped out. She hurriedly left the room as though/if angry.
She worked extremely hard though still rather poor in health. Fill in the application as instructed.
Whenever known, such facts should be reported. The documents will be returned as soon as signed.
He said that no acrobat could ever perform those daring feats unless trained very young.
Once having made a promise, you should keep it. b) If necessary I’ll have the letter duplicated.
Fill in the blanks with articles where(ver) necessary. If possible, I should like to have two copies of it.
As scheduled, they met on January 20 at the Chinese Embassy. 2） 在以than a) 或 as b) 引起的从句中,常会有一些成分省略. a) He told me not to use more material than (it is) necessary. We should think more of the collective than of ourselves.
b) They worked with as much enthusiasm as young people (did).
He is now a vice-manager, but still often works in the kitchen as before. Their training is free, as is all education. We will, as always, stand on your side. 3） 错误的省略
His life is as fully committed to books as anyone I know.
While standing there in her nightgown, two bullets struck the wall beside her. 5. 一致
1) 如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than等引导的短语,谓语动词仍旧用单数形式. Terry, along with her friend, goes skating every Saturday.
An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work. The captain, as well as the coaches, was disappointed in the team. 2) 代词作主语时的一致
a) each, either, neither和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词,都作单数看待. Each of us has something to say. Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
Neither of us has gone through regular training. Has either of them told you?
b) some, few, both, many 等作复数
c) some 可后接复数,也可接单数,表示某一.
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