发布时间 : 星期日 文章2018版高考英语二轮（浙江专用）教师用书第1部分 专题1 类型3 科普知识 Word版含解析更新完毕开始阅读e7331dff5e0e7cd184254b35eefdc8d377ee145b
高中英语专题
类型3| 科普知识
考查要点 1.科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。 2．事物的性质、特点、原理、用途等。 3．事物或现象产生的原因、过程、演变。 4．相似事物间的异同。 方法技巧 1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺序。 2．把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、递进式、总分式。 3．认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、做比较、打比方等。 (2016·浙江10月卷·C)
Digital technology-email and smart phones especially-have vastly improved workers' ability to be productive outside of a traditional office.Even so，most white-collar work still happens in an office.One reason is that，according to findings of a new survey(调查) of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix，most bosses are doubtful about remote working.Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.
Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced(加深) by the same survey，which shows that 43 percent of workers say they've watched TV or a movie while“working”remotely，while 35 percent have done housework，and 28 percent have cooked dinner.
It is true，however，that working at home makes people much more efficient(高效的)，because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done.It's much faster，for example，to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.
The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven't come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.
More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value.Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home.Under such circumstances，smart firms need to find ways to let
高中英语专题
their employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently. 28．Why do some employers hesitate to allow remote working?
A．They fear losing control of their workers. B．They want to stick to their routine practice. C．They have little trust in modern technology. D．They are used to face-to-face communication.
29．What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?
A．Doubtful. C．Reserved.
A．Shorten their office hours. B．Give employees a pay raise. C．Adopt flexible work patterns. D．Reduce their staff's workload.
语篇解读：数字技术，特别是电子邮件和智能手机，使得人们可以在家远程办公。但老板们害怕失去对工人的控制，并不太赞成。作者建议小公司可以采取灵活的工作模式。
长难句解读：Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.
分析：本句为并列复合句。第一个分句中their boss doesn't accept it为宾语从句，第二个分句中it's tolerated也是一个宾语从句。
翻译：一半的员工说他们的老板不接受在家远程办公，只有35%的老板说这是可以容许的。
28．A[考查细节判断。根据第二段可知，大多数员工在远程办公时不是在工作而是
从事其他的活动，这加深了老板的疑虑，由此可判断出，他们害怕失去对员工的控制。]
29．B[考查推理判断。根据第三段中的that working at home makes people much more
efficient可知，在家远程办公更高效，再结合最后一段可判断出，大多数员工是赞成的。]
30．C[考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的smart firms need to find ways to let their
employees have enough flexibility to manage their time efficiently可知，作者建议小
B．Favorable. D．Disapproving.
30．What does the author suggest smart firms do?
高中英语专题
公司要采取灵活的工作模式。]
A
(2017·浙江宁波三模)
Here's another reason to get off the couch and start working up a sweat.Time the exercise right and you could improve your ability to remember something new.That's the finding of a new study.
But it all comes down to timing.To lock up the new information，start burning those calories roughly four hours after you took in the new information.That's according to researchers at an institute on brain，cognition (认知) and behavior.It's at Radboud University's medical center，in Nijmegen，the Netherlands.Eelco van Dongen and his colleagues shared their new findings in the June 16 CurrentBiology.
This precisely timed memory trick comes from tests with 72 people.Each learned the location of 90 objects on a computer screen.Afterwards，some of the members watched relaxing nature videos.Others worked up a sweat on body-building bikes，changing between hard and easy riding for 35 minutes.Their workouts came either soon after the“cram session (考前突击复习)”or four hours later.
Two days later they were tested again.Those who remembered the objects' sites best were the people who had waited four hours after their learning before riding.Among those who remembered the sites correctly，the four-hour delay before biking also led to more consistent activity in an area important for memory.It's known as the hippocampus (海马区)．The consistent activity here suggests that the memories have been strong，the scientists say.
Eelco van Dongen's team does not yet know how exercise works its memory magic.They do，however，have a guess.Aerobic exercise leads to the creation of several important chemicals in the brain.One is a protein known as BDNF.The other is dopamine.It can help convey messages between nerve cells.These two chemicals may help strengthen memories by linking brain cells，the researchers suspect.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普说明文。研究表明，在学习后等待四小时再进行体育锻炼有助于增强记忆力和牢记所学的知识。但是对于其原理，人们至今仍无法解释。
1．The best way to lock up the new information is ．
高中英语专题
A．to get off the couch soon after their learning B．to do sports for four hours and work up a sweat C．to see some nature videos on a computer screen D．to do sports four hours after taking in new information
D[考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“To lock up the new information，start burning those calories roughly four hours after you took in the new information”可知，在接收新信息四小时后再进行体育锻炼可以牢记这些信息，故D项正确。]
[干扰项分析] A项错在“soon after their learning”，与第二段的“four hours after you took in the new information”不一致；根据第二段第二句可知，在接收新信息四小时后再锻炼可以牢记这些信息，而不是锻炼四小时，故B项错误；C项是试验的一个环节，故排除。
2．Which is NOT right about the experiment?
A．There are 90 objects on the screen. B．They were tested again two days later. C．72 people took part in the experiment. D．They all had to do riding for 35 minutes.
D[考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句“This precisely timed memory trick comes from tests with 72 people.Each learned the location of 90 objects on a computer screen”可知，该试验的参加者共有72人，每人要记忆电脑屏幕上的90个物体的位置，故排除A、C项；根据第四段第一句“Two days later they were tested again”可知，两天后他们再次进行了测试，故B项排除；D项与第三段的倒数第二句的描述不一致，故D项符合题意。]
3．How does exercise work its memory magic?
A．By the hippocampus. B．No one knows for sure. C．A protein known as BDNF. D．A protein known as dopamine.
B[考查细节理解。根据第五段的第一、二句“Eelco van Dongen's team does not yet know how exercise works its memory magic.They do，however，have a