发布时间 : 星期六 文章电梯控制系统 - -毕业论文更新完毕开始阅读eb3000a69b6648d7c0c746a7
本科生毕业设计（论文）
摘 要
随着我国经济的高速发展，微电子技术、计算机技术和自动控制技术也得到了迅速发展，交流变频调速技术也已经进入一个新的时代，其应用越来越广。而电梯作为现代高层建筑的垂直交通工具，与人们的生活日益紧密相关。随着人们对其要求的提高，电梯技术得到了快速发展，其拖动技术已经发展到了调频调压调速，其逻辑控制也由PLC代替了原来的继电器控制。
电梯的电气系统由拖动系统和控制系统两部分组成。传统的电气控制系统采用的继电器逻辑控制由于触点多、故障率高、可靠性差、体积大等缺点，正逐渐被淘汰。目前电梯设计使用可编程控制器(PLC)，要求功能变化灵活，编程简单，故障少，噪音低。维修保养方便，节能省工，抗干扰能力强，控制箱占地面积少。
本文用PLC作控制器，完成对7层变频调速电梯的自动控制，从而提高了电梯控制的自动化程度。在采用PLC和通用变频器实现电梯常规控制的基础上，利用旋转编码器发出的脉冲信号构成位置反馈，实现电梯的精确位移控制。通过PLC程序设计实现电梯的安全保护功能、楼层信号自动检测、楼层选择、运行方向选择、开关门控制、运行控制及运行指示等功能。通过合理的选择与设计，提高了电梯的控制水平，并改善了电梯运行的舒适感，使电梯达到了较为理想的控制效果。
关键词：PLC控制；变频调速；电梯；舒适感
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
Abstract
With the rapid development of the economy, microelectronic technology, computer technology and the automatic theory are developed rapidly. The AC variable frequency technology has been in a new state. It’s application is becoming more and more widely .But the elevator as an important traffic in skyscraper, it also has developed quickly with the improving requirement of the people. It’s dragging technology has developed from DC timing to AC variable frequency timing and it’s logic control-relay control also has been replaced by PLC.
The elevator electrical system is composed by the dragging system and the control system two parts.The traditional electricity control system uses because relay logic control electronic contact many, failure rate high, reliability bad, volume big and so on shortcomings, is being eliminated gradually.At present the elevator design uses programmable controller (PLC), the request function change is nimble, the programming is simple, the breakdown are few, the noise is low.The service maintenance is convenient, the energy conservation labor saving, antijamming ability, the control box area are few.
The article using PLC to control elevator, has completed 8-frequency conversion governor lifts automatic, thereby enhancing the degree of automation of the elevator control. It is based on the use of PLC and the general frequency converter, using the pulse-coding devices issued a position feedback signals to achieve lift precision displacement control. Procedures designed to achieve the adoption of PLC lift security protection functions, automatic signal detection floors, floor selection, the direction of travel options, switches door control, operational control and operation instructions, and other functions. The reliability is improved and the feeling of comfort is better through the reasonable selection and design, so the effect of control is more ideal.
Key words：PLC control；frequency conversion timing；elevator；feeling of comfort
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
目 录
第1章 绪 论 .......................................................................................................... 1 第2章 方案论证 .................................................................................................... 2
2.1 基本方案概述 ........................................................................................... 2
2.1.1. 电梯变频调速控制的特点 ........................................................... 3 2.1.2. PLC控制电梯的特点 .................................................................... 3 2.2 变频器的选择 ........................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 安川VS-616G5型变频器特点 ..................................................... 4 2.2.2 安川VS-616G5型变频器配置 ..................................................... 5 2.3 可编程控制器（PLC）选择 .................................................................... 5 第3章 系统硬件设计 ............................................................................................ 7
3.1 概述 ........................................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 电梯PLC控制系统基本结构 ....................................................... 7 3.1.2 电梯信号控制系统组成 ................................................................ 7 3.1.3 电梯控制系统原理框图 ................................................................ 8 3.2 电梯控制系统功能及速度曲线 ............................................................... 9
3.2.1 电梯控制系统功能 ........................................................................ 9 3.2.2 电梯速度给定曲线 ........................................................................ 9 3.3 PLC输入输出信号及系统选型 .............................................................. 10
3.3.1 PLC输入输出信号 ....................................................................... 10 3.3.2 PLC系统选型 ............................................................................... 12 3.4 控制系统I/O地址分配 .......................................................................... 13 3.5 PLC及扩展模块外部接线设计 .............................................................. 14
3.5.1 PLC主机外部接线设计 ............................................................... 14 3.5.2 扩展模块外部接线设计 .............................................................. 16 3.6电梯PLC系统控制电气设计 ................................................................. 17 第4章 系统软件设计 .......................................................................................... 18
4.1 程序中使用的通用继电器及功能 ......................................................... 18 4.2 计数脉冲的确定 ..................................................................................... 19 4.3 基于高速计数器的相关设计 ................................................................. 19
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本科生毕业设计（论文）
4.3.1 高速计数器初始化 ...................................................................... 19 4.3.2 轿厢所处楼层位置的确定 .......................................................... 22 4.3.3 门厅及轿厢处楼层显示 .............................................................. 23 4.3.4 减速信号的确定 .......................................................................... 23 4.4 开关门控制 ............................................................................................. 26
4.4.1 开门控制 ...................................................................................... 26 4.4.2 关门控制 ...................................................................................... 28 4.5 内呼外唤及定向信号的获取 ................................................................. 29
4.5.1 内指令信号处理 .......................................................................... 29 4.5.2 外召唤信号处理 .......................................................................... 29 4.5.3 内呼外唤及定向信号获取梯形图 .............................................. 29 4.6 选层定向及反向截梯 ............................................................................. 32 4.7 呼梯铃控制与故障报警 ......................................................................... 35 第5章 结 论 ........................................................................................................ 37 参考文献 ................................................................................................................ 38 致 谢 ...................................................................................................................... 40 附 录Ⅰ .................................................................................................................. 41 附 录Ⅱ .................................................................................................................. 46
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