人教版英语初三知识点总结单元 - (11) 联系客服

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Unit11 Could you please tell me where the restroom

一 教学重点难点:

宾语从句

二 重点词和短语:

1. make a telephone call 打电话 2. save money 存钱

3. on the second floor 在二楼

4. take the escalator to the second floor 乘电梯去二楼 5. turn right / left 向右/左转 【即学即用】同义句转换:

Go across the bridge, and turn right at the first turning.

Go across the bridge, and on the right. 6. go past the bank=pass the bank /+n. 经过银行 come by=go by(不及物) 经过 7. go straight ahead 一直往前走 go out of the front door 走出前门

walk about three blocks 走大约3个街区 8. on the left / right(of) 在??的左边/右边 between…and… 在??之间 next to 在??旁边

in front of 在??前面(外部) in the front of 在??前面(内部) across from 在??对面 9. hang out with sb. 和某人闲荡 10. dress up 穿上盛装;打扮 get dressed 穿衣服

dress oneself 给自己穿衣服 dress up as clowns 打扮成小丑

11. both …and… ??与??都(两者都) 12. take dance lessons 上舞蹈课

13. ask for information / help 寻求信息/帮助 14. similar requests 同样的提问 15. make requests 提出要求

16. change the way we speak 改变我们说话的方式 17. depend on 取决于

18. lead in to a question 引入一个问题 19. be sorry to do 遗憾做?? 20. in a way 在某方面

21. in order(not)to do 为了(不)做某事 【即学即用】

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同义句转换:

She went to England last year so that she could learn standard(标准的)English. She went to England last year learn standard English. 22. language etiquette 语言礼节 23. hand in 上交

五. 重点、难点、考点及疑点注释:

1. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 请问洗手间在哪里?(标题)

本句是问路或问处所的常用语,通常应先说excuse me,以引起对方注意,也表示尊重对方。 句子中的where the restrooms are是由where引导的宾语从句,它在句中作动词tell的直接宾语,是由特殊疑问句where are the restrooms改变语序而成。再如:

Excuse me. Could you tell me where Yu Hong Middle School is? 打扰了。请问育红中学在哪儿? 知识拓展 问路的表示法

英语中表达问路或处所的句式有不少,下面介绍几种常用的问路的方法。 试译:打扰了。请问去邮局怎么走?

Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the post office?

Excuse me. Could you tell me how I can get to the post office? Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to the post office? Excuse me. Could you tell me where the post office is? Excuse me. Which is the way to the post office, please? Excuse me. Where’s the post office, please?

Excuse me. How can I get to the post office, please?

2. There’s always something happening. 总是有事情发生。

本句是there be句型的一个固定结构,即there be+sb./ sth.+doing sth.,意为“有??在做??”。 My friend said there was a truck collecting rubbish outside. 我的朋友说外面有一辆卡车正在收集垃圾。

There is a Mr Wang waiting to see you outside your office. 有一个姓王的人在门外等着要见你。 【即学即用】

There are many students magazines in the reading-room. A. read B. to read C. reading D. are reading 知识拓展

◎there be+sb. /sth.+to do sth.,表示“主语将做某事”。 There will be some Australian students to come to our class. 有几个澳大利亚的学生要到我们班里来。

◎根据意思上的需要,可以将there be句型中的be换成其他含有“存在”意义的不及物动词或词组。常见的这类动词(词组)有:lie, live, stand, appear, seem to be等。例如:

There stands a big tree in front of the house. 那座房子前有一棵大树。

There seems to be a misunderstanding between us. 我们之间好像有些误解。 3. I also like to look at books in the bookstore. 我也喜欢在书店里看书。

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汉语的“看书”既可表示“阅读”的意思,也可表示“翻看一下”,“随便看看”的意思。英语的表达在词语上就有所不同了。请“看”区别。

He looks at that book, takes it down and reads it carefully. 他看了看那本书,然后拿下来,认真地读了起来。

looks at that book与read it(the book)在内容上是完全不同的。look at that book仅指“看书”,用来表示“看了看”,不是以阅读为目的;而read it(the book)则是“读了读”书中的内容。 4. Go past the park and turn left onto Oak Street.走过公园,然后向左拐到橡树街。

go past the park...是一种指路方式,go past表示“走过”的意思,past是介词,意为“途经”,“经过”。 When she went past the parking, Mary saw a man standing at a new car. 当玛丽走过停车场时,看见一个人站在一辆新车旁。 【友情链接】常见的指路表达方式有:

Walk along/down this road, and take the first crossing on the right. 沿着这条路向前走,在第一个十字路口向右拐。

Go along this street, and turn right.顺着这条路向前走,然后向右拐。 Walk on and turn left, and you will see the tall building on the right. 继续向前走,然后左拐,在右边你就会看见那栋高楼了。 Go along/down this street to the traffic lights, and turn left. 沿着这条路向前走,一直到交通灯处,然后向左拐。 5. …and eat at Uncle Bob’s. ??在鲍伯叔叔的小店吃饭。

当名词表示店铺、办公室或某人的家时,名词所有格所修饰的名词常常省去。

Uncle Bob’s是名词“’s”所有格的一种特殊用法。在表示店铺,餐馆,某种职业,某人的家等名词的所有格后面的名词,常可以省略。如at the doctor’s=at the doctor’s clinic“在大夫的诊所”;at Mr Green’s=at Mr Green’s home“在格林先生家里”。

特别提示

在表示店铺、场所及姓氏的名词前,要用定冠词the,在表示称呼语的名词前,要加物主代词。at the barber’s “在理发店”; at my uncle’s “在我叔叔家”

6. They have organized games and the staff dressed up as clowns. 他们组织游戏活动,工作人员打扮成小丑的模样。(Section B, 3a)

◎dress作为及物动词,指穿衣服的动作,后面不用表示衣服的名词作宾语,但可用指人的名词或代词作宾语,表示给某人穿衣服。

She dressed her children quickly.她很快给孩子们穿上衣服。 ◎dress的过去分词dressed与get连用表示“穿上衣服”。 Let’s get dressed and leave at once.咱们穿好衣服马上出发。 ◎dress up是“化装”,“穿上盛装”,“打扮”的意思。

They all dressed up as PLA men.他们都打扮成解放军的模样。

She likes to dress up for a party.她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。 【即学即用】 改错:

The little boy likes to dress up himself to a policeman. 【析】dress up意为“穿上盛装;打扮”,可与as连用,即dress up as,“打扮成??”。因此第二个to应改为as。

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7. The expressions you use might depend on whom you are speaking to or how well you know them. 你的表达方式可能取决于你和谁说话或者你跟他们的熟悉程度。

句中whom you are speaking to 和how well you know them分别是由连接代词whom和连接副词how引导的宾语从句,作depend on的宾语。又如:

Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 我们的成功取决于我们彼此合作的好坏程度。

8. In English, just like in Chinese, we change the way we speak when talking with different people. 用英语,就像用汉语一样,当和不同的人谈话时,谈话的方式也发生改变。

当用连词引导时间状语从句时,如从句的谓语含有动词,主语又与主句的主语一致时,从句的主语和谓语动词be常常可以省略。如:

When waiting for the bus, I met a friend of mine. 我在等公共汽车时遇到了一个朋友。 9. …“Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me.”??“打扰了,我不知道您是否能帮帮我”。 动词wonder在不同的句子结构中表达的意思不同: (1)后接“who, what, why等疑问词引导的宾语从句”,“疑问词+不定式”时,表示“想知道”。 The teacher wondered why she was late.老师想知道她为什么迟到。 He wondered what happened.他想知道发生了什么事情。 I’m just wondering how to do it.我正想知道怎么做那件事。 (2)后接“that引导的宾语从句”,“不定式短语”时,表示“感到惊奇,对??感到惊讶”。 I wonder that he was off office.我对他下岗感到惊讶。

I wonder to see her looking so cheerful. 我很惊讶地发现她如此高兴。

(3)后接if或whether引导的宾语从句时,表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。 I wonder if you would mind giving me a hand. 我不知道你是否能帮我一下。

She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她不知道那天上午你是否有空。 【即学即用】

We all how he made such great progress in a short time. A. believed B. thought C. decided D. wondered I wonder it is true or not.

A. that B. if C. whether D. what

六. 语法:

宾语从句闯3关

宾语是句子的重要成分之一,在多数情况下,是由名词性的词类充当的。如果宾语部分是由一个句子充当的话,则被称为宾语从句。我们以前学过的间接引语实质上就是宾语从句。

含宾语从句的句子是最常见的复合句之一,要想真正掌握宾语从句的用法,必须把握三个关键点:

【闯关1】连接词

宾语从句的连接词是有规律可循的,通常分为三种类型:

★由that引导的宾语从句,无意义,只起连接作用,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略。 【小试身手】改为含有宾语从句的复合句: ①“My father works in a bank,” Zhang Hui says.

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