发布时间 : 星期六 文章新SATACT 文章改错(语法)部分比较更新更新完毕开始阅读ed8593d4e87101f69f319596
新SAT/ACT 文章改错(语法)部分比较更新
——大象教育SAT/ACT语法老师王冬
在2015年3月24日，College Board在官网发布了完整的改革后PSAT样题，其中语法部分在2014年3月份的改革文件样题基础之上又添加了几道题目，形成了一套完整的语法文章改错样题。根据2014年发布的改革文件中文章改错部分的题型介绍以及题目数量介绍我们可以看到，本次PSAT样题更新应该就是最终SAT改革之后语法题目的样式内容，以文章为载体考察考生对于文章语言运用以及写作手法的更改能力，每篇文章共11道题目。(此前改革文件中，共发布两篇文章，其中一篇是6道题，另外一篇是7道题，1月份发布了完整的两篇文章，每篇文章11道题目)。笔者根据最新发布的PSAT样题，对于本文档进行了修订。在笔者仔细研究了最新发布的题目之后，笔者发现改革后的SAT题目与ACT的English部分，即文章改错惊人相似，考点也是非常一致。
SAT考试将于2016年正式改革，根据SAT官方发布的样题，SAT语法部分改变有以下几点：
科目从现行SAT Writing部分，被合并到Evidence-Based Reading and Writing中，科目名称由SAT Writing Multiple Choice变为SAT Writing and Language Test，题目数量从49道五选一单选题改为44道四选一单选题。并且由之前的三种题型(挑错，句子改进，文章改进题)，改为一种题型：以文章为载体，考察学生阅读和语法挑错的能力，并且有图表分析题，可以简称为文章改错。而改革后题型与现行ACT的文章改错非常相似。所以，本文主要就新SAT与ACT文章改错部分做一个区分讲解。
相同点七：简化句子题 Concision
改革后SAT要求考生能够发现文章用词是否简洁，避免不必要的啰嗦。能用简洁的表达就不用啰嗦的表达，这一点在现行SAT的Improving Sentence题目中也是一个偶尔会考到的题型。试比较：
改革后SAT Sample Writing and Language Set 2
If analysis of the traffic 3. A) NO CHANGE
count indicates that there is more traffic than the③current road as it is B) current design of designed at this time can efficiently accommodate, the transportation the road right now planner might recommend widening the road to add another lane. C) road as it is now
currently designed
D) current design of
the road
ACT Prep Guide
For some people, traditional American Indian music
isassociated and connected with high penetrating vocals 1. A. NO CHANGE 1 B. connected by some of them accompanied by a steady drumbeat. C. linked by association D. associated
比较两道题目会发现，两道题考察方向以及形式完全一致，都是考察句子的简洁，删除句子中的冗余或者重复的信息。
相同点八：句法题/合并句子题Syntax
改革后SAT有一类题型叫做Syntax句法题，题目要求为：The student will use various sentence structures to accomplish needed rhetorical purposes. 也就是说，考生需要用不同的句式去完成句子的修辞目的，例如，将两句话合并成一句话的题型，而这种题型在现行SAT中也会考察。试比较：
改革后SAT Sample Writing and Language Set 1
During his career, Kingman exhibited his work⑦internationally. He garnered much acclaim.
7. Which choice most effectively combines the sentences at the underlined portion?
A) internationally, and Kingman also
garnered
B) internationally; fromexhibiting, he
garnered
C) internationally but garnered D) internationally, garnering
ACT Prep Guide Others have followed Lydia Mendoza’s lead
and have immigrated to the United States from Mexico. 28
28. Given that all of the choices are true, which one would most effectively tie together the two main subjects of this
essay?
F. NO CHANGE
G. and have expanded the influence of Tejano music.
H. such as Santiago Jiménezand his son Flaco.
J. and have signed large recording contracts.
09年5月SAT语法部分Improving Paragraph
Which of the following is the best way to revise the underlined material and combine sentences 6 and 7 (reproduced below) ?
Shakespeare's plavs are very sophisticated. The plays reveal that whoever wrote them was very familiar with politics, foreign languages, and classical Greek and Latin.
(A) The plays attributed to Shakespeare are very sophisticated, revealing that (B) He also wrote very sophisticated plays, so they know that
(C) In contrast, Shakespeare's plays are very sophisticated, which reveals that (D) Who would question that they are sophisticated and that they reveal that (E) Whoever wrote it was very sophisticated; his plays reveal
以上三种题型都是在考察Syntax中的合并句子题，虽然考试形式有细微差别，但是考察学生的能力是一样的。
相同点九：限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
在现行SAT语法考试中，限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句考察的非常少，并没有非常明确到考到过两者的区别，但是在改革后SAT语法考试范围中明确强调：The student will correctly use punctuation(commas, parentheses, dashes) to set off nonrestrictive and parenthetical elements as well as recognize and correct cases in which restrictive or essential sentence elements are inappropriately set off with punctuation. 简言之就是考生需要利用标点符号区分限定成分，插入语，非限定成分。这一点在ACT文章改错题中也是占有一定比重的。试比较：
改革后SAT Sample Writing and Language Set 2
People who pursue careers in transportation planning have 5. A) NO CHANGE
a wide variety of educational backgrounds. B) People, who pursue careers
in transportation planning, C) People who pursue
careers, in transportation planning,
ACT Prep Guide
For years I had seen other Miami’s pictures—
51
D) People who pursue careers in transportation planning,
many of them the ancestors of the
people, who walked along with me,
52
to the longhouse that summer evening.
仔细对比两道题会惊奇的发现，两道题几乎如出一辙。
52. F. NO CHANGE
G.people who, walked along with me H. people, who walked along, with me J. people who walked along with me
相同点十：Transition题
现行SAT语法Improving Paragraph中，会以句子插入题的形式考察学生对于文章衔接过渡的把控，这个考点在改革后SAT语法题目中以修改句子题的形式得以保留，而ACT中也有一类题型就叫Transition题，两种题型在改革后SAT和ACT中是一样的，试比较：
改革后SAT Sample Writing and Language Set The work of transportation planners generally includes evaluating current transportation needs, assessing the effectiveness of existing facilities, and improving those facilities or 3 they design new ones. Most transportation planners work in or near cities, 4 but some are employed in rural areas. Say, for example, a large factory is built on the outskirts of a small town. Traffic to and from that location would increase at the beginning and end of work shifts. The transportation 5 planner’s job, might involve conducting a traffic count to determine the daily number of vehicles traveling on the road to the new factory. If analysis of the traffic count indicates that there is more traffic than the 6 current road as it is designed at this time can efficiently accommodate, the transportation planner might recommend widening the road to add another lane. ACT Prep Guide
4. Which choice results in the most effective transition to the information that follows in the paragraph? ANO CHANGE Bwhere job opportunities are more plentiful. Cand the majority are employed by government agencies. DDELETE the underlined portion and end the sentence with a period.