发布时间 : 星期五 文章南京市秦淮区中考英语一模试卷含答案更新完毕开始阅读fcb8d3a6ec630b1c59eef8c75fbfc77da269978e
(方言). A dialect is a different version (版本) of a main language. It has different words and is related (相关的) to the culture of the place in which it is spoken. It is usually spoken with a certain accent (口音). Although it may be different, a dialect is usually not so different that an outsider can’t understand what is being said.
Speakers of dialects in Britain are often proud of them. For this reason, when you visit an area with a dialect, especially when it is a place visited by tourists, gift stores will sell books about the local words.
The dialects of Northern Ireland have many words that the other British have never heard of. An unusual example I recently learned from this part of the world is “boke”, which means “vomit (呕吐)”. The nearly poetic (诗意的) words of the Cockneys (伦敦东区的人) of the East End of London are famous throughout the world because they can be so clever and humorous. Here is a piece of rhyming slang (押韵俚语): A “whistle and flute” is Cockney for “suit”.
It is true that there are fewer dialects in Britain today than there were a hundred years ago，and far fewer than there were 200 years ago. The reason is quite clear: The modern world and its chances for communication have made the differences between people much smaller. When people speak and listen to more people from a much larger area than their mothers and fathers did, the differences between the ways they speak get smaller.
This means that there are now far fewer problems understanding each other for the people of the British Islands. Also, English speakers from all over the world can generally understand each other. Of course, without dialects, it will be much more difficult for English as a second language to have such a big success all over the world!
31. According to Paragraph 1, we know that a dialect ______. A. represents the main language B. has nothing to do with culture
C. is a local version of a main language
D. is too difficult for an outsider to understand
32. How do people in Britain usually feel about their dialects? A. They take no notice of them. B. They are not satisfied with them.
C. They are glad to show them before others. D. They are too shy to speak before other people.
33. According to the passage, which of the following about the dialects in Britain is TRUE? A. A “whistle and flute” has a different meaning from “suit”. B. There are more dialects in Britain than in other countries. C. The number of the dialects in Britain is getting smaller now.
D. It is easier for English to be more successful without these dialects.
34. Now people of the British Islands can understand each other better because ______. A. they don’t speak in dialects any more B. they seldom talk to their mothers and fathers
C. they like to stay there instead of going outside
D. they speak and listen to more people from a much larger area 35. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. The influence of British culture B. Dialects in the British Islands C. The dialects with certain accents D. The speakers of dialects in Britain
D
Do you look like your name? Scientists say there’s a good chance you do.
This comes from a new study published in a magazine. Researchers from Israel found that our given names may have something to do with our facial (面部的) appearances.
Lead writer Yonat Zwebner of a university, along with her team, did eight different experiments (实验) in Israel and France. The different experiments were set up to answer two main questions:
whether people can correctly guess a person’s name based only on a photo of a face and what is behind this matching effect.
During the experiments, researchers asked students to look at photos of people’s faces and guess each person’s name from a list of four choices. They correctly guessed the right name 38 percent of the time, which was better than the 25 percent of a random (随机的) guess.
What’s more, when the faces the students looked at came from within their own country, they were able to best match the faces to the names. French students were better at matching only French names and faces while Israeli students were better at matching only Hebrew names and Israeli faces.
Researchers believe it is possible that people change their appearances without paying attention to it, to match their names. One study especially backed up this idea, showing that a hairstyle, something that can be changed by people easily, was enough to guide others in correctly guessing their names.
“Earlier research has shown there are cultural stereotypes carried by names, including how someone should look. For example, people are more likely to imagine a person named Bob to have a rounder face than a person named Tim. We believe these stereotypes can, over time, influence people’s facial appearances,” Zwebner said.
The results of the experiments may even make parents think twice when choosing a name for their children.
“If a name can influence appearance, it can influence many other things. This research opens an important direction that may suggest how parents should consider better the names for their children,” said Zwebner, who recently had a baby herself.
“As parents, it was really difficult for us to name our 12-day-old daughter as we know the meanings of names.”
36. One of the purposes of the experiments is to ______. A. give the students a chance to know each other B. explain what influences our facial appearances
C. find out different characteristics carried by different names
D. see if people can correctly guess a person’s name based only on a photo of a face 37. People could match the faces to the names more easily ______. A. when they did a random guess
B. when the faces are from other countries C. when the faces are from their own country D. when they have more knowledge themselves
38. The underlined part “backed up” in Paragraph 6 most probably means “______”.
A. supported B. changed C. compared D. cancelled 39. Paragraph 6 and Paragraph 7 are mainly to show ______. A. the results of changing names
B. names have something to do with appearances
C. the importance of cultural stereotypes carried by names D. the importance of a hairstyle in guessing different looks 40. According to Zwebner, we know that ______. A. facial appearances may influence names
B. we shouldn’t think of others just according to their names C. a name may influence many things and should be well chosen
D. we should pay less attention to the meanings of names and be ourselves
非选择题 （共50分）
四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
A) 根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应位置上。
41. Farmers in these small villages aren’t able to pay their ▲ (账单) in time. 42. We all know Father’s Day falls on the ▲ (第三) Sunday of June every year. 43. It’s reported China’s second aircraft carrier will ▲ (进入) service by 2020. 44. “Double Eleven” has been considered a special day for ▲ (单身的) men and women in China.
45. Square dancing is becoming hot ▲ (在…中) Chinese citizens, but the loud music is
terrible.
B) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应位置上。
46. ▲ (read) as often as possible, and you’ll find your life meaningful.
47. Mary believes she won’t live with her parents when she can depend on ▲ (she). 48. Many ▲ (activity) are held in different countries to celebrate “World City Day” every year.
49. The ▲ (week) talk show “Readers” hosted by Dong Qing has become popular in
China.
50. If the whole of our society keeps ▲ (try), we will have more and more blue skies with each passing year.
C) 根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应位置上。 famous invention plenty of used to have fun
The history of the Lantern Festival is not certain, but people have been lighting lanterns for spiritual (精神的) purposes since before paper was invented. Lanterns 51 be made of cloth. But they probably were not bright or colorful then. With the 52 of paper, Chinese started to make colorful paper lanterns. The traditions and days of celebrating the Lantern Festival are different in different places of China. In Nanjing, the Confucius Temple and the Lantern Festival have been 53 in Chinese history. At this time of year, lots of people from different areas come to 54 . Now the lantern show has spread out to Ming Dynasty City Wall. Bright lights decorate the 600-year-old wall. There is also a light and firework show. There are 55 pretty paper lanterns at the lantern market. The government of Nanjing has made the festival bigger and bigger and is trying to make it an international market. 五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A) 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 ．．．．Mobile phone history
Not long ago, mobile phones were used mainly by business people and government officers in society. In the US, mobile phone users were about 340,000 in 1985. Now there are 205 million mobile phone users in the US. Studies also show that over 50 percent of children in the US own their own personal mobile phones. The mobile phone explosion (激增) has led to a huge number of waste phones. The number of mobile phones users has also increased
throughout the world. In the middle of 2005, the number of total users jumped to 2.4 billion worldwide.
Mobile phone waste
When people throw their mobile phones away, they usually end up in the open air. Mobile phones include some materials like lead, mercury and cadmium. They can go into public drinking water and food and do harm to people’s health. About 75 percent of mobile phone users don’t throw their phones away. Instead, they prefer to keep the waste ones sitting around the