发布时间 : 星期三 文章新课标2019 - 2020学年新教材高中英语单元综合检测1新人教版必修第更新完毕开始阅读fcd2db6975232f60ddccda38376baf1ffc4fe3a5
单元综合检测(一)
(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years，but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.When the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers，small，tightly knit(联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards，many of those people started settling down to become farmers，and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number.In recent centuries，trade，industrialisation，the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education，especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades，all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present，the world has about 6，800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages，often spoken by many people，which hot，wet zones have lots，often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages；the Americas about 1，000；Africa 2，400；and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200，of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages and close to extinction(消亡)，with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick，at random，Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers)，Chiapaneco in Mexico(150)，Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia(one，with a question-mark)：none of these seems to have much chance of survival.
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展变化以及现在所面临的危机。 1．What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times? A．They developed very fast. B．They were large in number. C．They had similar patterns.
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D．They were closely connected.
B [推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago，when the world had just five to ten million people，they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。]
2．Which of the following best explains“dominant” underlined in Paragraph 2? A．Complex. C．Powerful.
B．Advanced. D．Modern.
C [词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句“In recent centuries...all have caused many languages to disappear，and dominant languages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over”可知，近几个世纪以来，随着社会的发展，很多语言已经消失，英语、西班牙语、汉语逐渐占主导地位。complex“复杂的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。故选C。]
3．How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present? A．About 6，800. C．About 2，400.
B．About 3，400. D．About 1，200.
B [数字计算题。根据第三段最后一句“The median number(中位数) of speakers is a mere 6，000，which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that”可知，目前全球不同语言使用人数的中位数仅是6 000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6 000；结合第三段第一句“At present，the world has about 6，800 languages”可知，选B。]
4．What is the main idea of the text? A．New languages will be created.
B．People's lifestyles are reflected in languages. C．Human development results in fewer languages. D．Geography determines language evolution.
C [主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句中的“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going”和第二段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，很多语言已经消失，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。故选C。]
B
Sweetest Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in October as a day to make someone happy. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, the aged, and children who have lost their parents, but also friends, workmates, relatives and neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.
Over 60 years ago, when a Cleveland man noticed that some people, such as children
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who lost their parents and patients who lay in bed, too often felt forgotten and neglected,_he developed in his mind the idea of showing them that they were remembered.He did this by giving them small gifts. With the help of his friends and neighbours, he gave those people small gifts on a Saturday in October. During the years that followed, other Clevelanders began to take part in the celebration, which came to be called “Sweetest Day”．Over time, the Sweetest Day idea of spreading cheer to the poor, the sick and children who had lost their parents was broadened to include everyone, and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift. Soon the idea spread to other cities all over the USA.
Sweetest Day is not based on any single group's religious beliefs or on a family relationship. It is a reminder that a thoughtful word or deed enriches life and gives it meaning.Because for many people remembering takes the form of gift giving, Sweetest Day offers us the opportunity to show others that we care, in a positive way.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国甜蜜日的由来及意义。在这一天，一份小小的礼物就能帮助我们传达对病人、老年人和失去父母的孩子的关爱以及对朋友、亲人等无私关爱的感激。
5．Which of the following has little relationship to Sweetest Day? A．Visiting sick people of the hospital.
B．Visiting children who have lost their parents. C．Giving friends small gifts. D．Giving flowers to sweethearts.
D [细节理解题。由第一段第二句“It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick，the aged，and children who have lost their parents，but also friends，workmates，relatives and neighbours whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.”可知，此节日没提到送情人鲜花，故选D项。]
6．What do most people usually do to show their care to others according to the passage?
A．They give money. C．They send regards.
B．They give gifts. D．They offer help.
B [细节理解题。由文章第二段中的信息“...and became an occasion for remembering others with a kind act or a small gift.”可知B项正确。]
7．The underlined word “neglected” in the second paragraph means “________”．
A．remembered
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B．hated
C．paid little or no attention to D．disappointed
C [词义猜测题。由该词前面的“too often felt forgotten”可知，neglected意为“被忽视的”，故C项正确。]
C
As a teenager, I hated Physical Education lessons.I was not very good at sports, and I hated team sports because I always felt like I was disappointing the rest of the team. I was always making up excuses to get out of such lessons.
When I started university, I decided to try kung fu. To my surprise, I loved it! It was a friendly club, and in my first year most of us were beginners. I used to go two or three times a week to train. Because it is not a team sport, I didn't feel guilty (内疚的) about not being very good.And because it is a combat (格斗) sport, you train in pairs, which means that you get to meet people and talk to them. When I was doing kung fu, I got stronger and quicker. Unluckily, in the last year of university I was too busy to do kung fu most of the time.
When I moved to Italy this year I decided to start doing a combat sport again. I found a great local club that does mixed martial arts (综合格斗) and I love it. The club is more serious than the one at my university and we do lots of practice fights. It is very fun.
When I was a teenager, I would say I just wasn't a sporty person and that I just didn't like sport and never would.Now I know that everyone should try as many sports as possible because there is often something out there for everyone!
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己从不喜欢运动到喜欢运动的经历，说明只要尝试，总会找到适合自己的运动。
8．When the author was a teenager, he ________． A．disliked sports
B．often told lies at school C．was poor at his lessons
D．didn't get along with his classmates
A [细节理解题。根据第一段，作者青少年时期讨厌体育课，不擅长运动，经常找理由不上体育课和最后一段的第一句可知选项A正确。]
9．Why didn't the author feel guilty about not being very good at kung fu? A．He had never done kung fu before.
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