发布时间 : 星期日 文章北京市海淀区2019届高三第一学期期末练习 英语(1)更新完毕开始阅读ff69c92c3a3567ec102de2bd960590c69ec3d8c2
unreliable conditions, there is a growing public concern that perhaps what civilization needs is a NOT-SO-FAST button.
Supporters of technological determinism make a strong case for letting self-accelerating technologies follow their own life cycle. Rapid development in computer technology, they point out, has separated robotics and the Internet—to the great benefit of industry and human communications. Besides, it isn’t so easy for a free society to put the brakes on technology. Even if one country decided to abandon the next technological revolution, another country would gladly take it up.
However, there are comforting situations in which technology may brake itself.
In the aging population of the developed world, many people are already tired of trying to keep up with the latest cool new tech. Youth-driven tech acceleration could be interpreted as simple youthful stupidity—short-sighted and short-lived. The market for change could dry up, and lock-in might again become the norm. Stress and great tiredness make powerful decelerators.
Change that is too rapid can be deeply divisive. If only elite (精英) can keep up, the rest of us will grow increasingly puzzled about how the world works. We can understand natural biology, complex as it is, because it holds still. But how will we ever be able to understand quantum computing (量子计算) or nanotechnology if its complexity keeps accelerating away from us?
Constant technological revolution makes planning difficult, and a society that stops planning for the future is likely to become a fragile society. It could experience violent economic unrest. It could slip into wars fought with cruel new weapons. Its widespread new technologies could fail in massive or horrible ways. All these constant, worrying small failures could weaken the whole social progress.
With so many powerful forces in play, technology could hyper-accelerate to the stars with astonishing rapidity, or it could stop completely. My expectation is that it will do both, with various technologies proceeding at various rates. The new technologies may be self-accelerating, but they are not self-determining. They are the result of ever renegotiated agreement with society. Because they are so powerful, their paths may undergo wild swings, but I think the trend will be toward the dynamic middle: much slower than the optimists expect, much faster than the pessimists think humanity can bear.
67. Supporters of technology self-acceleration hold the view that ________.
A. the society is free to make the technology go more slowly B. the high rate of computer tech is of great benefit to human C. robotics has developed less rapidly than computer technology D. self-accelerating technologies promote international cooperation 68. According to the passage, what may slow down the accelerating technology?
A. A carefully planned society.
B. The simple youthful stupidity. D. The rapid change of the market.
C. People’s stress and exhaustion.
69. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage?
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A. To guide the new technologies for a safe acceleration. B. To confirm the public concern about new technologies. C. To explain the threats in technological self-acceleration. D. To relieve the public fear for technology acceleration.
70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
A B
D
CP: Central point P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。
A kiln (窑) is a type of oven or furnace used to cure, harden, or burn certain materials. Depending on which materials are heated in it, a kiln may be square, tunnel shaped, or beehive shaped, and usually made of brick or stone. 71 It may be set as low as sixty-five degrees to cure grain or as high as 3,200 degrees to transform limestone to quicklime (熟石灰).
72 They have a variety of purposes. The cement(水泥) industry uses revolving kilns to heat and separate raw materials. Bricks, pottery, and china made from clay must be fired, or hardened, in kilns. Certain kinds of coal and wood must be kiln-dried before they can be used. Hobbyists use small kilns to fire a variety of ceramic(陶瓷) objects.
There are two main types of kilns. A periodic kiln, used to fire certain kinds of delicate china, is raised to a high temperature and then completely cooled before its contents are removed. A continuous, or tunnel kiln contains several chambers, or zones, which heat, bake, and cool a product. Stacks of clay bricks move through a tunnel kiln on tracks. 73
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Gas, oil, and coal are all used to heat modern kilns. 74 But for special jobs, where cleanliness and careful heat are important, kilns must be heated by electricity oven though it is more expensive. Small kilns used in the home or in craft shops are also heated electrically because electricity is clean and convenient.
75 When ancient people discovered that heat hardened some materials, they were able to make durable household objects such as jugs and bowls. Today our museums display many kinds of ancient statues and art objects that have lasted because they had been kiln-dried. They come from lands as far apart as China and Greece. A. Its temperature may vary.
B. Then they come out, hardened, and cooled. C. Kilns are used in industry and in craft-making. D. Kilns have been in use for thousands of years.
E. An electric kiln is a heating chamber used to transform materials. F. Most manufacturers use whichever material is cheapest in their area. G. Clay, when heated properly, becomes hard enough to form bowls and plates.
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）
假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。来自美国姊妹校的部分学生将于下周五访问你校，请你用英文准备一份欢迎词，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎。
2. 说明当天的安排：
1）观摩并体验太极拳(Tai Chi)； 2）游览一处北京名胜。
注意：1. 词数不少于50。
2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总次数。
注意：1. 词数不少于50。
2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总次数。
Dear friends,
________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （20 分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英文为校刊写一篇短文，记述上周末你和家人参加社区义务劳动的全过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
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提示词：垃圾夹 trash grabber
海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习
英 语
参考答案及评分标准 2019.01
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分） 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
6. C 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B
第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
16. Dress 17. research 18. skills 19. why 20. direct
每小题1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣0.5分；如每小题超过一个词不计分。
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