发布时间 : 星期日 文章北语19春《阅读》(II)作业4更新完毕开始阅读fff5787f51e2524de518964bcf84b9d529ea2cc0
(μ￥??ìa)1: No one thought of anything even a little bit like the zipper until Whitecomb L.Judson came along. There were buttons and button-holes, hooks and eyes, laces and buckles. They all took an irritatingly long time to do up, especially when men wore high-laced boots and fashionable ladies squeezed themselves into long corsets. Whitecomb L.Judson￡§s slide-fastener was an out-of-the-blue invention, and no one knows what gave him the idea. No one even knows much about him, except that he was a mechanical engineer living in Chicago and that he patented other inventions, to do with a street railway system and motor-cars. Judson invented the first zipper(called, at the time, a Clasp Locker or Unlocker)in 1891. This ingenious little device looks so simple, and the principle behind it is simple: one row of hooks and eyes slotting neatly into another row by means of a tab. Yet it took 22 years, many improvements and another inventor to make the zipper really practical.?êìa￡oBefore Judson invented the zipper, people found buttoning clothes to be ( ) A: interesting B: burdensome C: easy
D: comfortable ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)2: In the (haze) I saw two of my trek mates. A: darkness B: light
C: thin mist D: heavy smog ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)3: The 12th lunar month in Chinese is called layue(the month to worship all the deities).The 8th day of the 12the lunar month is the Laba Festival.It is treated as the beginning of the Chinese holiday season.After the Laba Festival,people enter into the busy preparation for the Lunar New Year.The main activity of the Laba Festival is cooking and sharing the special laba gruel(laba-zhou).Most people believe it has a close relation to Sakyamuni,the Buddha.He left his comfortable home and set off in search of the final enlightenment.After days of travelling without rest,he collapsed near a river in northern India.He was revived by a wandering shepherdess,who offered him her lunch of family leftovers consisting of sticky cereal,glutinous rice,dates,chestnuts and wild fruit.After consuming this repast,Sakyamuni took a batch and sat under a tree for meditation,where he finally attained enlightenment.The very day was the 8th day of the last lunar month.The meal was the original laba gruel.
?êìa￡oSakyamuni ate a meal which was made of all the following except( ) A: wild fruit B: rice C: cereal D: meat ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)4: Astronomers￡¨ìì???§?ò￡? can tell just how hot the surface of the moon gets.The side of the moon toward the sun gets two degrees hotter than boiling water￡¨·D??￡?.The night side reaches 243 degrees below zero￡¨á??è￡?.In an eclipse￡¨??ê′￡?,the earth's shadow falls on the moon.Then the moon's temperature may drop 300 degrees in a very short time.A temperature change like this cannot happen on the earth.Why does it happen on the moon?Astronomers think that the surface of the moon is dust.On the earth,rocks store heat from the sun.When the sun goes down,the rocks stay warm.But the dust of the moon cannot store heat.So when the moon gets dark,the heat escapes quickly.The moon gets very cold. ?êìa￡oAstronomers have found that the moon's surface is￡¨ ￡?
A: always hotter than boiling water B: either very hot or very cold C: usually many degrees below zero
D: about the same as that of the earth ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)5: While I was working as a child psychologist,a principal phoned me.\??The Properties of the Nucleus.?ˉ\teacher can't understand it.Neither can I.\went to the school and met Mark,an eight-year-old with ginger hair and freckles.He looked like a very ordinary boy to me.I proceeded with the intelligence test.\is Mars?\asked.Most children his age say,\detail.He quickly completed the tests,including a math test for much older children.Then he looked at me as if to say:\with something more difficult?\this boy was \the map\far as assessing his IQ was concerned.Mark's principle and arranged for Mark to be tutored by a science teacher.But in many ways he was just a normal child.We wanted him to be socially adjusted as well as intellectually outstanding.So we also encouraged him to join the Club Scouts and we kept him in class with kids of his age for the time being.I asked Mark's parents what they thought of him.\can be a pain in the neck,\mother said.\asks such impossible questions,\
crucial.Like the rest of us,gifted children need to be loved.He gained a first-class honors degree from Cambridge,is now chairman of his own computer company and is happily married with two children. ?êìa￡oThe boy's parents looked upon their son as ( ) A: a real genius B: a normal boy
C: a mischievous boy
D: a boy that needs love ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)6: Most Americans think that ice cream is as American as baseball and applepie.But ice cream was known long before American was discovered.The Roman emperor Nero may have made a king of ice cream.He hired hundreds of men to bring snow and ice from the mountains.He used it to make cold drinks.Traveler Marco Polo brought back recipes for chilled and frozen milk from China.Hundreds of years later,ice cream reached England.It is said that King Charles I enjoyed that treat very much.There is a story that he bribed his cook to keep the recipe for ice cream a royal secret.Today ice cream is known throughout the world.Americans alone eat more than two billion quarts a year. ?êìa￡oMarco Polo is known as ( ) A: a Roman emperor
B: the inventor of ice cream C: a royal cook
D: a traveler to China ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)7: Two basic models of parental influence emerge from all this competition and variety,however.One, loosely based on Freudian ideas,has presented an image of the vulnerable child:children are sensitive beings,easily damaged not only by traumatic events and emotional stress,but also by overdoses of affection.The 2nd model is that of the behaviorists,whose intellectual ancestors,the empiricist philosophers,described the child's mind as a tabula rasa,or blank slate.The behaviorist model of child-rearing is based on the view that the child is malleable,and parents are therefore cast in the role of Pygmalions who can shape their children however they wish.\dozen healthy infants,well-formed,and my own specified world to bring them up in,\J.B.Watson,the father of modern behaviorism,\I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to be any type of specialist I might-doctor,lawyer,artist,merchant,chief, and yes,even beggar man and thief!\image of the vulnerable child calls for gentle parents who are sensitive to their child's inner-most thoughts and feelings in order to protect him from trauma.The image of the malleable
child requires stem parents who coolly follow the dictates of their own explicit training procedures:only the early eradication of bad habits in eating,sleeping,crying,can fend off permanent maladjustments. ?êìa￡o The image of the malleable child needs parents who are ( ) A: tender B: sensitive C: moderate D: strict ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)8: The inventor of spectacles probably lived in the town of Paris, Italy, around 1286, and was almost certainly a craftsman working in glass. But nobody knows his name. We only know this much about him because Friar Giordane preached a sermon one Wednesday morning in February 1306 at a church in Florence. \there was found the art of making eye-glasses which make for good vision,\said the Friar.\of the best arts and most necessary that the world has. So short a time is it since there was invented a new art that never existed. I have seen the man who first invented and created it, and I have talked to him.\We know what Friar Giordane said because admirers copied his sermons down as he gave them. The inventor of spectacles apparently kept the method of making them to himself. Perhaps he thought this was the best way of getting money from his invention. But the idea soon got around. As early as 1300, craftsmen in Venice,the centre of Europe￡§s glass industry, were making the new \for the eyes\Concave lenses, for short-sighted people, were not developed until the late 15th century. Spectacles allowed people to go on reading and studying long after bad eyesight would normally have forced them to give up.They were like a new pair of eyes. The inventor of such a valuable thing should be honored, everyone thought. But for centuries no one had any idea who the inventor really was. So all kinds of candidates were put forward: Dutch, English, German, Italians from rival cities. A fake memorial was erected last century in a church in Florence to honor a man as the true inventor of spectacles-but he never even existed. ?êìa￡oThe first spectalces were made for ( ) A: any one who had an eye trouble B: the far-sighted C: the short-sighted
D: both the far-sighted and the short-sighted ±ê×?′eìa:
(μ￥??ìa)9: Most Americans think that ice cream is as American as baseball and applepie.But ice cream was known long before American was